【摘要】：生物炭良好的孔隙結構使其具有較強的吸附能力和抗氧化能力,將生物炭作為緩控材料與硝銨結合,不僅可以延緩氮素的釋放速率,還可以有效減少土壤養(yǎng)分的流失,加之本身含有大量的養(yǎng)分元素,施入土壤后自身也能為土壤提供部分養(yǎng)分供植物生長利用。本文以玉米秸稈生物炭(YJC)和沙蒿生物炭(SHC)為材料,通過混合造粒和吸附造粒的方式,研究炭基材料、制造工藝與條件、環(huán)境條件對氮素釋放的影響,,并通過浸水實驗、土柱淋溶實驗和土壤養(yǎng)分釋放實驗對此進行評價。實驗結果如下：(1)生物炭的性質受材料類型和炭化溫度的影響。隨炭化溫度的升高,玉米秸稈生物炭和沙蒿生物炭的微觀結構均遭到破壞,C、P、K和灰分含量增加,N、H含量降低,pH提高,比表面積增大,有效氮磷鉀含量降低；在同一炭化溫度下,兩種生物炭的各元素的含量及孔隙結構等理化性質有明顯差異,玉米秸稈生物炭微孔結構更衣被高溫破壞,玉米秸稈生物炭的比表面積及總孔容和平均孔徑均大于沙蒿生物炭,玉米秸稈生物炭的pH高于沙蒿生物炭,玉米秸稈生物炭C含量低于沙蒿生物炭。(2)通過浸水實驗和土柱淋溶試驗兩次篩選,最終選出沙蒿炭(600℃)吸附肥clt3和50%玉米秸稈炭(600℃)混合肥為最優(yōu)生物炭基肥。通過簡單的浸水實驗,選出壁紙膠為最適粘結劑,并且與生物炭的比例為1：10時,制備出的肥料顆粒性狀最好。(3)土壤養(yǎng)分釋放實驗表明,土壤含水量越大,養(yǎng)分釋放速度越快；環(huán)境溫度對肥料養(yǎng)分釋放速率的影響不太明確,有待進一步研究；土壤pH值為7時,肥料養(yǎng)分釋放速度較快。
[Abstract]:The good pore structure of biochar makes it have strong adsorption capacity and antioxidant capacity. The combination of biochar as slow control material and ammonium nitrate can not only delay the release rate of nitrogen, but also effectively reduce the loss of soil nutrients. In addition, it contains a large number of nutrients, which can also provide some nutrients for plant growth and utilization. In this paper, corn straw biochar (YJC) and Artemisia annua biochar (SHC) were used as materials to study the effects of carbon based materials, manufacturing process and conditions, environmental conditions on nitrogen release by mixed granulation and adsorption granulation. The results were evaluated by soaking experiment, soil column leaching experiment and soil nutrient release experiment. The experimental results are as follows: (1) the properties of biochar are affected by material type and carbonation temperature. With the increase of carbonation temperature, the microstructure of corn straw biochar and Artemisia annua biochar was destroyed. C, P, K and ash content increased, N, H content decreased, pH increased, specific surface area increased, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content decreased. At the same carbonization temperature, the content of elements and pore structure of the two kinds of biochar were obviously different, and the microporous structure of corn straw biochar was destroyed at high temperature. The specific surface area, total pore volume and average pore size of corn straw biochar were higher than those of Artemisia annua biochar, and the pH of corn straw biochar was higher than that of Artemisia annua biochar. The C content of corn straw biochar was lower than that of Artemisia annua biochar. (2) it was screened twice by water immersion test and soil column leaching test. Finally, Artemisia artemisia carbon (600 鈩，

本文編號：2472967