發(fā)布時間：2019-04-24 18:14

【摘要】：以生活污泥、牛糞、蚓糞、菌菇渣、粉煤灰、脫硫石膏、鋼渣和煤矸石8種固體廢物為原料配置人工土壤,探討不同有機和無機固體廢物配比對人工土壤性質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明,獲得的人工土壤中,粒級0.250 mm的水穩(wěn)性團聚體質(zhì)量分數(shù)總體在20%~50%,接近或達到正常的自然土壤標準,制得的人工土壤為弱堿性,pH實測值在7.12~8.14。培養(yǎng)過程中,人工土壤中有機碳含量大大降低。生活污泥組、蚓糞組人工土壤在培養(yǎng)過程中呈現(xiàn)銨態(tài)氮向硝態(tài)氮的轉(zhuǎn)化,而牛糞組人工土壤在培養(yǎng)過程中雖然有較多的有機氮被礦化,但同時也有較多的硝態(tài)氮被重新同化成有機氮。合成的人工土壤在物理、化學(xué)、養(yǎng)分和生物毒理學(xué)性質(zhì)方面均已達到自然土壤相關(guān)參數(shù)的正常范圍值,可以滿足植物生長的要求。但由于部分固體廢物原料重金屬超標,則應(yīng)盡量避免用于種植可食用類植物。
[Abstract]:Eight kinds of solid wastes, such as domestic sludge, cow dung, vermis dung, mushroom residue, fly ash, desulphurization gypsum, steel slag and coal gangue, were used as raw materials to prepare artificial soil. The effects of different organic and inorganic solid waste ratios on the properties of artificial soil were discussed. The results showed that the water stability aggregate mass fraction of 0.250 mm in the artificial soil was 20% ~ 50%, which was close to or up to the normal natural soil standard. The artificial soil was weakly alkaline, and the measured value of pH was 7.12 ~ 8.14. In the process of culture, the organic carbon content in artificial soil decreased greatly. The artificial soil in the living sludge group and lumber manure group showed the transformation from ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen in the process of culture, while in the cattle manure group, although more organic nitrogen was mineralized in the artificial soil during the culture process, the artificial soil in the cattle manure group showed the transformation from ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen. But at the same time, more nitrate nitrogen was re-assimilated to organic nitrogen. The synthetic artificial soil has reached the normal range of natural soil parameters in physical, chemical, nutrient and bio-toxicological properties, which can meet the requirements of plant growth. However, due to excessive heavy metals in some solid waste raw materials, it should be avoided to plant edible plants as far as possible.
【作者單位】： 揚州大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;江蘇省有機固體廢棄物資源化協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(No.41301308、No.31272228) 國家重點基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計劃(No.2013CB127404) 國家公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(No.201103004)
【分類號】：S153;X705

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