關(guān)中地區(qū)小麥赤霉病預(yù)測系統(tǒng)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-18 23:32
【摘要】：20世紀(jì)70年代以來,隨著水肥條件的改善和栽培模式的改變,小麥赤霉病在關(guān)中地區(qū)發(fā)生逐漸加重。前人對該病的流行因素、病原菌的空間分布以及有性態(tài)發(fā)育動(dòng)態(tài)、病害流行動(dòng)態(tài)和藥劑決策防治技術(shù)等做了大量的研究。但因受條件所限,子囊殼產(chǎn)生密度和空中孢子密度等方面的研究尚屬空白。前人建立的病害流行動(dòng)態(tài)模擬模型使用地面以上10 cm處孢子密度實(shí)測值作為菌源量,這不僅將預(yù)測的時(shí)間限制在小麥開花期,不能提前做出預(yù)警指導(dǎo)小麥赤霉病的藥劑防治,同時(shí)降低了預(yù)測結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確度,增加了預(yù)測的工作量。針對這個(gè)問題,本研究以國內(nèi)外最新的研究成果為基礎(chǔ),開展子囊殼密度與穗表孢子數(shù)的關(guān)系研究,構(gòu)建了小麥赤霉病預(yù)測模型,研制小麥赤霉病預(yù)報(bào)器和遠(yuǎn)程預(yù)警系統(tǒng)。取得了以下主要研究結(jié)果:1、采用田間模擬試驗(yàn)法,建立了產(chǎn)殼秸稈密度與穗表孢子數(shù)的關(guān)系模型,y1=1.115+2.506 x,R2=0.972。2、以產(chǎn)殼秸稈密度與穗表孢子數(shù)的關(guān)系為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合前人病害流行動(dòng)態(tài)模擬模型,構(gòu)建了新的小麥赤霉病預(yù)測模型。對2014年關(guān)中地區(qū)15個(gè)代表性的縣(市)及楊凌區(qū)1986~1992年的預(yù)測準(zhǔn)確度分別為92%和75%。3、研制出了小麥赤霉病預(yù)報(bào)器。利用單片機(jī)和雨量計(jì)、溫濕度等傳感器自動(dòng)采集降雨量、小麥穗部溫度、相對濕度,結(jié)合實(shí)地調(diào)查的產(chǎn)殼秸稈密度、小麥品種類型和抽穗日期等情況,預(yù)測小麥赤霉病病穗率,利用GPRS技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)信息的存儲(chǔ)和遠(yuǎn)程傳輸。4、采用ASP.NET技術(shù),以Visual Studio.NET 2010及其攜帶的NET Framework 4.0為平臺(tái),結(jié)合SQL數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù),開發(fā)了基于小麥赤霉病預(yù)測模型的遠(yuǎn)程預(yù)警系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s, with the improvement of water and fertilizer conditions and the change of cultivation pattern, the occurrence of wheat scab in Guanzhong area has become more and more serious. A great deal of research has been done on the epidemic factors, the spatial distribution of pathogenic bacteria, the dynamics of their sexual development, the epidemic dynamics of the disease, and the techniques of decision-making and control of pesticides, and so on. However, due to the limitation of conditions, the studies on the density of ascomyst production and the density of aerial spores are still blank. The disease epidemic dynamic simulation model established by predecessors used the spores density measured at 10 cm above the ground as the fungus source, which not only limited the predicted time to the flowering stage of wheat, but also could not give early warning to guide the control of wheat scab. At the same time, the accuracy of prediction results is reduced and the workload of prediction is increased. In order to solve this problem, based on the latest research results at home and abroad, the relationship between the density of ascomyst shell and the number of spores on the ear surface was studied, the prediction model of wheat scab was constructed, and the forecasting device and remote early warning system of wheat scab were developed. The main results are as follows: 1. The relationship model between the density of shell straw and the number of sporophytes per ear was established by field simulation experiment, y1, 1.115 2.506 x, R2, 0.972 2, respectively, and the relationship between the density of straw yield and the number of spores on the ear surface was established. Based on the relationship between the density of husk straw and the number of spores on the ear surface, a new prediction model of wheat scab was constructed based on the dynamic simulation model of disease prevalence. The prediction accuracy of 15 representative counties (cities) in Guanzhong region and Yangling district from 1986 to 1992 were 92% and 75% respectively. A wheat scab predictor was developed. Single chip microcomputer, rainfall gauge, temperature and humidity sensors are used to automatically collect rainfall, wheat spike temperature, relative humidity, field investigation of straw density, wheat variety type and heading date, etc., to predict the wheat scab disease spike rate. Using GPRS technology to realize the storage and remote transmission of information. 4, adopting ASP.NET technology, taking Visual Studio.NET 2010 and its carrying NET Framework 4.0as a platform, combining with SQL database technology, A remote early warning system based on wheat scab prediction model was developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S435.121.45;S126
本文編號：2460387
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s, with the improvement of water and fertilizer conditions and the change of cultivation pattern, the occurrence of wheat scab in Guanzhong area has become more and more serious. A great deal of research has been done on the epidemic factors, the spatial distribution of pathogenic bacteria, the dynamics of their sexual development, the epidemic dynamics of the disease, and the techniques of decision-making and control of pesticides, and so on. However, due to the limitation of conditions, the studies on the density of ascomyst production and the density of aerial spores are still blank. The disease epidemic dynamic simulation model established by predecessors used the spores density measured at 10 cm above the ground as the fungus source, which not only limited the predicted time to the flowering stage of wheat, but also could not give early warning to guide the control of wheat scab. At the same time, the accuracy of prediction results is reduced and the workload of prediction is increased. In order to solve this problem, based on the latest research results at home and abroad, the relationship between the density of ascomyst shell and the number of spores on the ear surface was studied, the prediction model of wheat scab was constructed, and the forecasting device and remote early warning system of wheat scab were developed. The main results are as follows: 1. The relationship model between the density of shell straw and the number of sporophytes per ear was established by field simulation experiment, y1, 1.115 2.506 x, R2, 0.972 2, respectively, and the relationship between the density of straw yield and the number of spores on the ear surface was established. Based on the relationship between the density of husk straw and the number of spores on the ear surface, a new prediction model of wheat scab was constructed based on the dynamic simulation model of disease prevalence. The prediction accuracy of 15 representative counties (cities) in Guanzhong region and Yangling district from 1986 to 1992 were 92% and 75% respectively. A wheat scab predictor was developed. Single chip microcomputer, rainfall gauge, temperature and humidity sensors are used to automatically collect rainfall, wheat spike temperature, relative humidity, field investigation of straw density, wheat variety type and heading date, etc., to predict the wheat scab disease spike rate. Using GPRS technology to realize the storage and remote transmission of information. 4, adopting ASP.NET technology, taking Visual Studio.NET 2010 and its carrying NET Framework 4.0as a platform, combining with SQL database technology, A remote early warning system based on wheat scab prediction model was developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S435.121.45;S126
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
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