【摘要】：鉬是植物、動(dòng)物和微生物必需的微量元素,以往的研究多關(guān)注鉬在植物體內(nèi)的生理功能,然而鉬對(duì)土壤微生物多樣性及土壤碳氮磷循環(huán)過程的影響尚不清楚。本論文通過長(zhǎng)期定位試驗(yàn)田研究連續(xù)施鉬對(duì)土壤微生物多樣性及其驅(qū)動(dòng)的土壤碳氮磷循環(huán)過程的影響,以探明施鉬影響碳氮磷循環(huán)的微生物機(jī)制。獲得的主要結(jié)果如下:1.連續(xù)施鉬影響了番茄成熟期根區(qū)土壤細(xì)菌的多樣性、種群相對(duì)豐度及相關(guān)功能基因的豐度。連續(xù)施鉬(+Mo)顯著降低了番茄成熟期根區(qū)土壤細(xì)菌的Chao1、ACE以及Shannon指數(shù),但增加了優(yōu)勢(shì)菌門中放線菌門、酸桿菌門、綠彎菌門等所占比例,降低了變形菌門等細(xì)菌所占比例。連續(xù)施鉬顯著增加了番茄根區(qū)土壤Myroides、Lysinibacillus、Pseudomonas等6個(gè)菌屬相對(duì)豐度,顯著降低了Spingomonas、Nitrospira、Rhodoplanes等9個(gè)菌屬的相對(duì)豐度,而這些細(xì)菌中部分種群參與了土壤中纖維素降解、解磷、固氮、硝化等過程。從基因功能分類上看,連續(xù)施鉬顯著增加了番茄根區(qū)土壤細(xì)菌中與光合作用、堿基修復(fù)相關(guān)的基因豐度,顯著降低了脂肪酸合成等相關(guān)基因的豐度。2.連續(xù)施鉬影響了小麥和蠶豆根區(qū)土壤碳、氮、磷庫特征及動(dòng)態(tài)變化。連續(xù)施鉬對(duì)小麥和蠶豆根區(qū)土壤碳庫組成(總有機(jī)碳、活性有機(jī)碳、中活性有機(jī)碳和高活性有機(jī)碳)影響不顯著,但有增加蠶豆根區(qū)土壤β-葡糖苷酶(βG)活性的趨勢(shì);連續(xù)施鉬對(duì)小麥、蠶豆根區(qū)土壤各氮組分(全氮、硝態(tài)氮和銨態(tài)氮)影響不顯著,但顯著降低了小麥分蘗期N-乙酰氨基葡糖苷酶(NAG)活性;連續(xù)施鉬對(duì)小麥和蠶豆根區(qū)土壤全磷、速效磷及各種磷組分影響不顯著,但顯著增加了蠶豆和小麥苗期根區(qū)土壤活性磷庫的容量。缺鉬條件下,根區(qū)土壤中銨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮含量與土壤碳組分呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與土壤磷組分及酸性磷酸酶活性呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),說明缺鉬條件下根區(qū)土壤氮循環(huán)與碳循環(huán)、氮循環(huán)與磷循環(huán)之間存在不平衡,而施鉬條件下這種矛盾不突出。3.連續(xù)施鉬對(duì)蠶豆和小麥根區(qū)土壤C/N、N/P、C/P等生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量特征的響應(yīng)不敏感。隨著生育期的推進(jìn),小麥和蠶豆根區(qū)土壤涉碳生態(tài)酶lnβG和涉磷生態(tài)酶lnACP的比值、涉氮生態(tài)酶lnNAG和涉磷生態(tài)酶lnACP的比值均呈上升趨勢(shì),連續(xù)施鉬增加了蠶豆幼苗期根區(qū)土壤lnβG:lnACP和lnNAG:lnACP。
[Abstract]:Molybdenum is an essential trace element for plants, animals and microorganisms. Previous studies have focused on the physiological function of molybdenum in plants. However, the effects of molybdenum on soil microbial diversity and soil C, N and P cycle are still unclear. In this paper, the effects of continuous application of molybdenum on soil microbial diversity and soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling process were studied in a long-term targeted field, in order to find out the microbial mechanism of the effect of molybdenum application on carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles. The main results obtained are as follows: 1. Continuous application of molybdenum affected the diversity of soil bacteria, the relative abundance of population and the abundance of related functional genes in the root zone of tomato at maturity stage. Continuous application of molybdenum (Mo) significantly decreased the Chao1,ACE and Shannon index of soil bacteria in the root zone of tomato at maturity stage, but increased the proportion of actinomycetes, acidobacteria and chlorobacteria in dominant fungi, and decreased the proportion of bacteria such as deformable fungi. The continuous application of molybdenum significantly increased the relative abundance of six mycorrhizal genera, such as Myroides,Lysinibacillus,Pseudomonas, and decreased the relative abundance of 9 genera, such as Spingomonas,Nitrospira,Rhodoplanes, in the soil of tomato root zone, and some of these bacteria took part in the degradation of cellulose and phosphorus degradation in the soil. Nitrogen fixation, nitrification, etc. In terms of gene functional classification, continuous application of molybdenum significantly increased the abundance of genes related to photosynthesis and base repair in soil bacteria in tomato root zone, and significantly decreased the abundance of genes related to fatty acid synthesis. 2. Continuous application of molybdenum affected the characteristics and dynamic changes of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus pools in the root zone of wheat and broad bean. The effects of continuous application of molybdenum on the composition of soil carbon pool (total organic carbon, active organic carbon, middle active organic carbon and high active organic carbon) in the root zone of wheat and broad bean were not significant, but there was a tendency to increase the activity of 尾-glucosidase (尾-G) in the soil of the root zone of Vicia faba. The N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activity in wheat and Vicia faba root zone was not significantly affected by the continuous application of molybdenum, but the activity of N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) was significantly decreased at tillering stage. Continuous application of molybdenum had no significant effect on soil total phosphorus, available phosphorus and various phosphorus components in root zone of wheat and broad bean, but significantly increased the capacity of soil active phosphorus pool in root zone of broad bean and wheat at seedling stage. Under the condition of molybdenum deficiency, the contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in root zone soil were negatively correlated with soil carbon component, and negatively correlated with soil phosphorus component and acid phosphatase activity, indicating that soil nitrogen cycle and carbon cycle in root zone under molybdenum deficiency condition. There is an imbalance between the nitrogen cycle and the phosphorus cycle, but this contradiction is not prominent under the condition of molybdenum application. 3. Continuous application of molybdenum was not sensitive to eco-stoichiometric characteristics of broad bean and wheat root zone soil, such as C _ (N), N ~ (P), C ~ (?) P, etc. With the advance of growth period, the ratio of ln 尾 G, lnACP, lnNAG and lnACP in wheat and Vicia faba root zone increased, and the ratio of soil carbon-related ecological enzyme lnNAG 尾 G and phosphorus-related eco-enzyme lnACP in wheat and Vicia faba root zone showed an increasing trend. Continuous application of molybdenum increased Ln 尾 G: lnACP and lnNAG:lnACP. in root zone of Vicia faba L. at seedling stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S154.3;S153

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 袁金華;俄勝哲;車宗賢;包興國(guó);曾希柏;;水肥管理對(duì)春小麥產(chǎn)量和根際土壤肥力特征的影響[J];土壤與作物;2017年01期

2 岳煥芳;程明;孟范玉;安順偉;徐厚成;;鋅肥施用方式對(duì)番茄生長(zhǎng)·果實(shí)品質(zhì)及土壤理化性狀的影響[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2017年05期

3 閆嘉欣;;不同肥料處理對(duì)白菜品質(zhì)的影響[J];山西農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2017年01期

4 白雪娟;曾全超;安韶山;張海鑫;王寶榮;;黃土高原不同人工林葉片-凋落葉-土壤生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量特征[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2016年12期

5 劉彩霞;董玉紅;焦如珍;;森林土壤中酸桿菌門多樣性研究進(jìn)展[J];世界林業(yè)研究;2016年06期

6 張仲勝;呂憲國(guó);薛振山;劉曉輝;;中國(guó)濕地土壤碳氮磷生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)特征研究[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);2016年05期

7 張雅蓉;李渝;劉彥伶;張文安;蔣太明;;長(zhǎng)期施肥對(duì)西南黃壤碳氮磷生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)特征的影響[J];土壤通報(bào);2016年03期

8 馬任甜;方瑛;安韶山;;云霧山草地植物地上部分和枯落物的碳、氮、磷生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量特征[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);2016年05期

9 李曼;靳冰潔;鐘全林;馬玉珠;盧宏典;郭炳橋;鄭媛;程棟梁;;氮磷添加對(duì)刨花楠幼苗葉片N、P化學(xué)計(jì)量特征的影響[J];應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報(bào);2016年02期

10 于健龍;胡輝;楊波;楊永奎;梁燕菲;;施肥對(duì)脫毒馬鈴薯氮、磷、鉀化學(xué)計(jì)量特征及產(chǎn)量的影響[J];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2016年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 薛正晟;以健康人和大熊貓為模型的哺乳動(dòng)物腸道菌群多樣性分布與核心功能種屬的研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2015年

2 羅培宇;輪作條件下長(zhǎng)期施肥對(duì)棕壤微生物群落的影響[D];沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

3 孫學(xué)成;鉬提高冬小麥抗寒力的生理基礎(chǔ)及分子機(jī)制[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2006年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 潘振鵬;配施有機(jī)肥及DMPP對(duì)菜地系統(tǒng)氮素轉(zhuǎn)化的影響[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 丁健;鐵還原菌Sphingomonas sp.DJ的分離及其降解特性的研究[D];大連理工大學(xué);2014年

3 張文迪;連云港海岸帶土壤可培養(yǎng)放線菌多樣性及其生物學(xué)功能初步研究[D];江蘇師范大學(xué);2014年

4 劉付燕;西瓜連作障礙綜合防治技術(shù)研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2013年

5 陳廣波;肥料和菌劑配施對(duì)紅壤地區(qū)連作花生生育性狀和土壤微生物多樣性的影響[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

6 王冬梅;豆科和禾本科牧草不同生長(zhǎng)期C、N生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)特征研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2012年

7 敖伊敏;不同圍封年限下典型草原土壤生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量特征研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué);2012年

8 趙江艷;紅樹林生境紫色硫細(xì)菌的分離鑒定、碳氮硫源物質(zhì)利用與光合作用關(guān)系[D];華僑大學(xué);2011年

9 趙志紅;半干旱黃土區(qū)集雨措施和養(yǎng)分添加對(duì)苜蓿草地和封育植被生產(chǎn)力及土壤生態(tài)化學(xué)計(jì)量特征的影響[D];蘭州大學(xué);2010年

10 李書英;鉬磷配施對(duì)冬小麥生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和抗寒力的影響[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2004年

，

本文編號(hào)：2451278