【摘要】：火干擾作為一種自然擾動(dòng)現(xiàn)象,對(duì)土壤物理、化學(xué)、礦化和微生物等土壤性質(zhì)產(chǎn)生一定影響。在河南具茨山國(guó)家級(jí)森林公園過火林地和草地,進(jìn)行土壤樣品(0~5和5~10 cm土層)采集,測(cè)定表征土壤滲透性和持水能力的指標(biāo),研究中度火干擾對(duì)不同土層土壤理化特性的短期影響。結(jié)果表明:中度火干擾造成草地和林地土壤表層(0~5 cm)的土壤密度、含水率和非毛管孔隙度顯著下降(P0.05),但火燒前后,土壤5~10 cm層上述物理特性指標(biāo)之間沒有顯著差異(P0.05);火燒后草地和林地土壤表層(0~5 cm)有機(jī)C和全N顯著下降(P0.05),而土壤pH、全P和全K顯著上升(P0.05),相似的現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)在草地土壤5~10 cm層,火燒前后林地土壤5~10 cm層,各化學(xué)特性指標(biāo)沒有顯著差異(P0.05)�；馃共莸睾土值赝寥�0~5 cm層的土壤初滲率、穩(wěn)滲率和平均入滲率均顯著上升(P0.05),而對(duì)土壤5~10 cm層土壤各滲透特性指標(biāo)沒有顯著影響(P0.05);火燒使草地和林地土壤0~5 cm層土壤最大持水量和有效持水量均顯著下降(P0.05),草地和林地最大持水量分別從未過火289.984和390.971 t/hm~2,下降到258.072和342.386 t/hm~2。該研究為開展火燒跡地植被恢復(fù)、水土保持和森林經(jīng)營(yíng)管理措施的制定,提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Fire disturbance, as a natural disturbance phenomenon, has a certain effect on soil properties such as soil physics, chemistry, mineralization and microorganism. Soil samples (0 ~ 5 and 5 ~ 10 cm) were collected in overigneous forest land and grassland of Yuti Mountain National Forest Park in Henan Province, and the indexes of soil permeability and water holding capacity were measured. The short-term effects of moderate fire disturbance on soil physical and chemical properties in different soil layers were studied. The results showed that the density, moisture content and non-capillary porosity of soil surface layer (0 ~ 5 cm) in grassland and woodland decreased significantly (P0.05), but before and after burning, the soil density, moisture content and non-capillary porosity were significantly decreased by moderate fire disturbance (P0.05). There was no significant difference between the above-mentioned physical characteristics indexes in soil 5-10 cm layer (P0.05). After burning, the organic C and total N of the soil surface (0? 5 cm) decreased significantly (P0.05), while the total P and K of soil pH, increased significantly (P0.05). The similar phenomenon appeared in the soil layer of 5? 10 cm. There was no significant difference in chemical characteristics between 5 and 10 cm layers of forest soil before and after fire (P0.05). Fire increased the initial infiltration rate, steady infiltration rate and average infiltration rate of 0 ~ 5 cm layer of grassland and woodland soil significantly (P0.05), but had no significant effect on the soil permeability index of 5 ~ 10 cm soil layer (P0.05). The maximum and effective capacity of soil in 0 / 5 cm layer of grassland and woodland decreased significantly (P0.05). The maximum water capacity of grassland and woodland was never over289.984 and 390.971 t / hm ~ (2), respectively, and the maximum water capacity of grassland and forestland had never been over 289.984 and 390.971 t / hm ~ (2), respectively. Down to 258.072 and 342.386 t / hm 2. The study provides scientific basis for vegetation restoration, soil and water conservation and forest management.
【作者單位】： 河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;
【基金】：河南省科技發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目“河南山區(qū)櫟類中幼齡林近自然撫育關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究”(172102110232) 河南省高等學(xué)校重點(diǎn)科研項(xiàng)目“碳分布格局對(duì)櫟類天然次生林近自然森林撫育的響應(yīng)”(17B220001) 河南省林業(yè)廳技術(shù)招標(biāo)項(xiàng)目“河南省山區(qū)森林撫育技術(shù)研究”(201402) 河南省高等學(xué)校青年骨干教師資助計(jì)劃“撫育間伐對(duì)次生櫟林碳周轉(zhuǎn)的影響及其生態(tài)模擬”(2014GGJS-036)
【分類號(hào)】：S714.2;S812.2
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本文編號(hào)：2448599