【摘要】：秸稈是農(nóng)業(yè)成品收獲后剩余的田間閑置副產(chǎn)物,其主要化學(xué)成分為纖維素、半纖維素和木質(zhì)素。秸稈腐熟劑是一群能將秸稈大分子物質(zhì)降解為植物可利用簡單化合物的復(fù)雜菌群,為土壤提供碳、氮、磷、鉀等元素,使秸稈得以還田。文章對降解秸稈的微生物種類進(jìn)行總結(jié),并對微生物酶學(xué)機(jī)理、微生物菌群的相互作用及秸稈腐熟劑的應(yīng)用效果等研究概況進(jìn)行綜述,針對腐熟劑菌種效率低、菌群動態(tài)不清楚、酶降解機(jī)制不完善、秸稈腐熟劑使用方式不明確及腐熟指標(biāo)不具體等問題,提出原位篩選菌種、深入研究組合菌種相互作用機(jī)制與酶降解機(jī)制、開展腐熟劑具體使用方法的研究及確立完整具體的評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn),為今后有關(guān)秸稈腐熟劑菌種的選育工作提供參照和借鑒。
[Abstract]:Straw is the remaining idle by-product after harvest of agricultural products, and its main chemical components are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Straw maturing agent is a group of complex microflora which can degrade the macromolecular matter of straw into simple compound. It provides carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements to the soil, so that the straw can be returned to the field. In this paper, the microbial species of straw degradation were summarized, and the mechanism of microbial enzyme, the interaction of microbial flora and the application effect of straw maturing agent were summarized, aiming at the low efficiency of spoilage agent strain, the interaction of microbial flora and the application effect of straw maturing agent were summarized in this paper. The dynamics of microflora is not clear, the mechanism of enzyme degradation is not perfect, the mode of use of straw maturing agent is not clear and the index of decay is not specific, and so on, the in-situ screening of bacteria was put forward, and the interaction mechanism and enzyme degradation mechanism of combined strains were studied deeply. In order to provide reference and reference for the selection of the strain of straw ripening agent in the future, the research on the concrete use of the rot agent and the establishment of a complete and specific evaluation standard were carried out.
【作者單位】： 河北大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院/河北省微生物多樣性研究與應(yīng)用重點(diǎn)實驗室;河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)資源環(huán)境研究所;中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)資源與農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)劃研究所;
【基金】：國家公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項項目(201103005-07-06) 河北省生物工程重點(diǎn)學(xué)科建設(shè)項目(1050-5030023)
【分類號】：S141.4

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