【摘要】：為明確黃土高原溝壑區(qū)不同洪水類型及不同水土保持治理時期的徑流侵蝕輸沙特征,根據(jù)相關標準從1964—1985年間的流域徑流事件中挑選出100場洪水,利用快速聚類法和判別聚類法將篩選出來的100場洪水事件分成A、B、C三類,三種洪水類型表現(xiàn)出各異的徑流輸沙規(guī)律:累計徑流量和累計輸沙量所占比例最高的洪水類型為A型和C型洪水,所占比例分別為64%和74%;在流域產(chǎn)流能力上C型洪水的產(chǎn)流能力最強,B型洪水次之;根據(jù)方差分析結果,洪水類型對流域降雨產(chǎn)流能力、水土流失程度以及流域水沙關系均具有一定的影響,徑流系數(shù)和輸沙模數(shù)的顯著減少和洪峰流量的降低表明多年來所進行的各類水保措施起到了攔蓄徑流泥沙、削減洪峰的生態(tài)效用。
[Abstract]:In order to clarify the characteristics of runoff erosion and sediment transport in different flood types and different soil and water conservation periods in gully region of the Loess Plateau, 100 floods were selected from the runoff events in the basin from 1964to 1985 according to the relevant standards. Using rapid clustering method and discriminant clustering method, the selected 100 flood events were divided into three categories: a, B, C. The three flood types show different runoff and sediment transport rules: the type A and type C flood with 64% and 74% of the total runoff discharge and the proportion of accumulative sediment transport are respectively 64% and 74% respectively, and the flood type with the highest cumulative runoff and sediment transport rate is type A and type C flood; The runoff-producing capacity of C-type flood is the strongest in river basin, followed by B-type flood. According to the results of ANOVA, the flood type has a certain influence on the rainfall runoff yield, the degree of soil and water loss and the relationship between water and sediment in the basin. The remarkable decrease of runoff coefficient and sediment transport modulus and the decrease of Hong Feng's discharge indicate that all kinds of soil and water conservation measures carried out over the years have played an important role in retaining runoff and sediment and reducing Hong Feng's ecological effect.
【作者單位】： 西安理工大學西北旱區(qū)生態(tài)水利工程國家重點實驗室培育基地;黃河水利委員會西峰水土保持科學試驗站;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助項目(51239009,41171034) 陜西省教育廳重點實驗室科研計劃資助項目(14JS059) 陜西省水利科技計劃資助項目(2016slkj-11)
【分類號】：S157.1

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