【摘要】：為了更好地理解黃土高原植被恢復(fù)與生態(tài)重建過程對土壤碳循環(huán)過程的影響,研究選取位于黃土高原六道溝小流域的典型土壤地形序列(東北坡NE序列,西坡W序列),分析了不同坡向間及同一坡向內(nèi)隨植被類型變化土壤有機碳和無機碳的剖面分布特征及其影響因素。結(jié)果表明:六道溝小流域地形序列土壤有機碳含量在0—50cm土層內(nèi)隨土層深度增加而顯著降低,50cm土層以下基本趨于穩(wěn)定,且剖面上層(0—50cm)有機碳含量顯著高于剖面下層(50—200cm,p0.05),但在同一深度土層(0—50,50—200,0—200cm)不同坡向林地和草地土壤有機碳平均含量均沒有顯著差異(p0.05)。與有機碳相比,無機碳含量相對較高并且主要在剖面下部(50cm以下)不同深度土層富集。NE序列林地和草地剖面無機碳平均含量接近(p0.05),而W序列林地剖面無機碳平均含量顯著高于草地(p0.05);不同坡向草地剖面無機碳平均含量無顯著差異(p0.05),但不同坡向林地剖面無機碳平均含量表現(xiàn)為W序列顯著高于NE序列(p0.05)。0—50cm土層有機碳含量與pH、容重和土壤含水量均呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,而與土壤總孔隙度呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系;50—150cm土層無機碳含量與pH和土壤總孔隙度均呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,而與容重、黏粒含量和土壤含水量均呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。NE序列和W序列2 m土體總碳密度相當(dāng),分別為15.2~47.4kg/m~2和18.3~51.3kg/m~2,其中無機碳密度占78%~94%,1—2m土層總碳密度占2m土體總碳密度的35%~74%。若只考慮土壤有機碳庫或只考慮淺層1m土壤碳庫,六道溝小流域2m土體總碳儲量平均將被低估88%和51%。
[Abstract]:In order to better understand the effects of vegetation restoration and ecological reconstruction on soil carbon cycle in the Loess Plateau, the typical soil topography series (NE sequence on northeast slope and W sequence on west slope) located in Liudaogou watershed of Loess Plateau were selected. The distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and inorganic carbon along with vegetation types and the influencing factors of soil organic carbon and inorganic carbon in different slope directions and in the same slope direction were analyzed. The results showed that the content of soil organic carbon decreased significantly with the increase of soil depth in the 0-50cm soil layer, and the soil organic carbon content in the terrain sequence of Liudaogou small watershed decreased significantly with the increase of the depth of the soil layer. The organic carbon content in the upper layer of the profile (0-50cm) was significantly higher than that in the lower layer of the profile (50 脳 200 cm, p0.05). However, there was no significant difference in soil organic carbon content between forestland and grassland in the same depth soil layer (0 ~ 50, 50 ~ 200, 0 ~ 200 cm) (p0.05). Compared with organic carbon, the inorganic carbon content was relatively higher and enriched mainly in different depths of the lower part of the profile (below 50cm). The average content of inorganic carbon in the NE sequence woodland and grassland section was close to that in the grassland section (p0.05). The average content of inorganic carbon in W sequence woodland profile was significantly higher than that in grassland (p0.05). There was no significant difference in the average content of inorganic carbon in different slope grassland profile (p0.05), but the average content of inorganic carbon in woodland profile with different slope direction was significantly higher than that in NE sequence (p0.05). The organic carbon content in 0-50cm soil layer and pH, were significantly higher than those in different slope-orientation woodland profile (p0.05). There was a very significant negative correlation between bulk density and soil water content, but a very significant positive correlation between bulk density and soil total porosity. The inorganic carbon content in 50-150cm soil layer was negatively correlated with pH and soil total porosity, but positively correlated with bulk density, clay content and soil water content. The soil total carbon density of NE sequence and W series was similar to that of 2 m soil mass in NE series and W series, and there was a significant positive correlation between inorganic carbon content and soil bulk density, clay content and soil moisture content. The density of inorganic carbon is 78% ~ 94%, and the total carbon density of 1 ~ 2m soil layer is 35% ~ 74% of the total carbon density of 2m soil. The results are as follows: 15.2~47.4kg/m~2 and 18.3 ~ 51.3 kg 路kg ~ (- 1) 路m ~ (- 1) 路m ~ (- 1) respectively. If only soil organic carbon pool or shallow 1m soil carbon pool is considered, the average total carbon storage of 2m soil in Liudaogou small watershed will be underestimated by 88% and 51% on average.
【作者單位】： 西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;中國科學(xué)院水利部水土保持研究所黃土高原土壤侵蝕與旱地農(nóng)業(yè)國家重點實驗室;中國科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所中國科學(xué)院生態(tài)系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)觀測與模擬重點實驗室;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項目(41601221) 國家重點研發(fā)計劃重點專項(2016YFC0501605) 中國科學(xué)院水土保持研究所黃土高原土壤侵蝕與旱地農(nóng)業(yè)國家重點實驗室開放基金項目(A314021402-1602)
【分類號】：S153.6

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