【摘要】：天津某農(nóng)藥廠重污染區(qū)域土壤中主要以有機(jī)磷污染物為主,本研究采用在有機(jī)氯、石油烴類等污染土壤修復(fù)中已廣泛使用的熱脫附修復(fù)技術(shù),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)?zāi)M研究有機(jī)磷污染土壤中主要污染物熱脫附特征,確立影響土壤有機(jī)磷去除效果較佳主導(dǎo)因子及其范圍,并在天津某農(nóng)藥廠進(jìn)行有機(jī)磷污染物去除的熱脫附土壤修復(fù)技術(shù)驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),為熱脫附技術(shù)在有機(jī)磷污染土壤中推廣應(yīng)用提供技術(shù)支持;同時(shí)對(duì)熱脫附后的土壤進(jìn)行了植物試種驗(yàn)證,為熱脫附后土壤的繼續(xù)利用提供生態(tài)學(xué)支持。研究主要結(jié)果如下:(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)模擬試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,熱脫附溫度和停留時(shí)間變化影響有機(jī)磷污染土壤熱脫附效果,敵敵畏的熱脫附較佳溫度為200℃,氧化樂果熱脫附較佳溫度為250℃,對(duì)硫磷熱脫附較佳溫度為400℃。在熱脫附30min內(nèi),土壤中有機(jī)磷污染物的去除率增加顯著,30min時(shí)去除率都在90%以上,在熱脫附停留時(shí)間為40min時(shí)去除效率達(dá)到95%以上。熱脫附在低溫運(yùn)行階段污染物去除率敵敵畏氧化樂果對(duì)硫磷。同時(shí)土壤粒徑大小影響有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥的去除效果,在供試土樣粒徑范圍內(nèi),土壤粒徑越大,越有利于土壤中有機(jī)磷去除。(2)天津某農(nóng)藥廠污染物主要以敵敵畏、氧化樂果和對(duì)硫磷為主,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)室模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工程驗(yàn)證,本研究所采用的熱脫附土壤修復(fù)裝置能夠有效去除有機(jī)磷污染土壤中的污染物,對(duì)有機(jī)磷土壤中敵敵畏、氧化樂果和對(duì)硫磷最大去除率分別達(dá)到94.3%、97.8%和99.5%,三種污染物在土壤中殘留量?jī)H為0.34ppm、0.12 ppm和0.65 ppm,得出農(nóng)藥廠重污染土壤有機(jī)磷污染土壤熱脫附較佳溫度為400℃,停留時(shí)間為30min,敵敵畏、氧化樂果、對(duì)硫磷的去除率分別達(dá)到92%、96.1%、98%。(3)通過對(duì)正常土壤處理組、熱脫附土壤處理組、有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥土壤處理組試種紫惠槐試驗(yàn),得出熱脫附土壤在經(jīng)植物修復(fù)一個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季后,紫穗槐的生長(zhǎng)狀況和根系發(fā)育情況與正常土壤上紫惠槐相比無明顯差異,根際土壤微環(huán)境得到很大改善,且根際土壤中微生物量和酶活性達(dá)到正常土壤水平,熱脫附土壤生態(tài)使用價(jià)值與正常土壤差異不明顯。與有機(jī)磷污染土壤相比,熱脫附土壤具有較高的生態(tài)使用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Organophosphorus pollutants are the main pollutants in the heavily polluted soil of a pesticide factory in Tianjin. The thermal desorption and remediation technology has been widely used in the remediation of contaminated soils such as organochlorine and petroleum hydrocarbons in this study. The characteristics of thermal desorption of main pollutants in organophosphorus contaminated soil were studied by laboratory experiments, and the dominant factors affecting the removal efficiency of organophosphorus were determined. In order to provide technical support for the popularization and application of thermal desorption technology in organophosphorus contaminated soil, an experiment was carried out in Tianjin Pesticide Factory to verify the soil remediation technology of removal of organophosphorus pollutants. At the same time, plant seed test was carried out on the soil after thermal desorption, which provided ecological support for the continuous utilization of soil after thermal desorption. The main results are as follows: (1) the results of laboratory simulation showed that the thermal desorption temperature and residence time affected the thermal desorption effect of organophosphorus contaminated soil, and the optimum thermal desorption temperature of dichlorvos was 200 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2439675