【摘要】：在滴灌淋洗條件下設計暗管排水試驗,研究暗管不同埋設間距(15、20、25 m)對土壤剖面鹽分分布及脫鹽淋洗效果的影響。結果表明:滴灌淋洗期間,0~70 cm土層含鹽量顯著降低,與CK相比,試驗地不同地段土壤平均含鹽量減少10 g/kg以上。從暗管上方至相鄰暗管中點位置處不同剖面土壤平均脫鹽率逐漸減小,15、20、25 m間距小區(qū)在0~100 cm埋深土壤中點位置處最大脫鹽率分別為84.01%、77.75%、73.98%,土壤整體脫鹽率介于51.82%~60.43%之間。吸水管埋管間距越小,小區(qū)暗管排水階段排水流量越大,排水礦化度、電導率也越大,但成本會略高。15 m間距相比20、25 m間距小區(qū)每公頃多投入的成本和平均脫鹽率差值分別為8 430、12 570元和4.78%、8.61%;15 m間距暗管處理在水平距離暗管0、5、7.5 m處土壤脫鹽率最大值分別為86.47%、85.15%、84.01%,且排水期間排水流量、礦化度、電導率最大,分別為2 m~3/h、189.15 g/L和35.9 mS/cm;土壤鹽分淋洗效果優(yōu)于20、25 m間距小區(qū),淋洗相同鹽分含量土壤所需灌水量也低于20、25 m間距;2次灌水后0~70 cm土層鹽分整體已降至10 g/kg以下,作物生長條件大為改善,適宜作為指導新疆鹽漬土改良滴管條件下暗管間距布設參數(shù)的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Under the condition of drip irrigation and leaching, an experiment was designed to study the effect of different buried spacing (1520m) on the salt distribution in soil profile and the desalination and elution effect. The results showed that the salt content of 0 ~ 70 cm soil layer decreased significantly during drip irrigation leaching. Compared with CK, the average salt content of soil in different plots of the experiment site was reduced by more than 10 g/kg. The average desalinization rate of soil in different sections from the top of the dark pipe to the middle point of adjacent hidden pipe gradually decreased, and the maximum desalinization rate at the middle point of 0 ~ 100 cm buried soil was 84.01% and 77.7575% 73.98, respectively. The total desalination rate of the soil was between 51.82% and 60.43%. The smaller the distance between the water absorption pipes, the larger the drainage discharge, the greater the salinity, the greater the electrical conductivity. But the cost will be slightly higher. The difference of cost and average desalinization rate per hectare in the residential area with 15 m spacing is 8 430 ~ 12 570 yuan and 4.78 ~ 8. 61 m ~ (-1), respectively. The maximum desalinization rate of the soil was 86.477.5m and 85.15m, respectively, and the drainage discharge, salinity and electrical conductivity during drainage were the highest, which were 2 mm3 / h, respectively, during the drainage period, and the maximum desalinization rate was 85.15m ~ (-1) in the depth of 15 m ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1), respectively. 189.15 g / L and 35.9 mS/cm; The effect of soil salt leaching was better than that of the plot with 20 ~ 25 m spacing, and the irrigation amount needed for the same salt content was also lower than that of 20 ~ 25 m interval. The salt content of 0 ~ 70 cm soil layer decreased to less than 10 g/kg after twice irrigation, and the crop growth conditions were greatly improved, which is suitable for guiding the parameters of the spacing of dark tubes under the condition of improved drip tube in saline soil of Xinjiang.
【作者單位】： 石河子大學水利建筑工程學院;現(xiàn)代節(jié)水灌溉兵團重點實驗室;
【基金】：“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2015BAD20B03-3) 國家自然科學基金項目(41361071)
【分類號】：S156.4

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本文編號：2414646