【摘要】：結(jié)合X射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電鏡(SEM)和能譜分析(EDS)方法,對現(xiàn)代鹽湖沉積環(huán)境下,新疆艾比湖濱岸鹽堿土中碳酸鹽的分布特征、存在形式以及與其他土壤原生、次生礦物之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行探討,結(jié)果表明:艾比湖濱岸鹽堿土中的原生礦物主要是石英和長石,粘土礦物主要為綠泥石和伊利石,土壤礦物的風(fēng)化程度順序?yàn)楸辈课鞑繓|部,西部樣點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)代鹽湖化學(xué)沉積作用最為顯著,北部樣點(diǎn)則生物風(fēng)化過程十分強(qiáng)烈;XRD方法和氣量法分別測得的碳酸鹽含量之間呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,判定系數(shù)R~2達(dá)0.640 9。當(dāng)鹽堿土中含有較高的綠泥石時,碳匯潛力會增加,同時,XRD方法對碳酸鹽相對含量的鑒定誤差也明顯增加,衍射峰形變得復(fù)雜,碳酸鹽含量明顯被低估,低估原因可能與有機(jī)質(zhì)含量高導(dǎo)致的彌散散射增加及粘土礦物含量高使得類質(zhì)同象現(xiàn)象增加有關(guān);西部和北部土壤礦物溶蝕強(qiáng)烈,石膏以纖維狀或長柱狀晶體分散或放射狀分布于方解石晶體之間,方解石則以異質(zhì)成核形式呈顆粒狀或片狀在其他礦物或底質(zhì)表面生長,表現(xiàn)為次生碳酸鹽形貌特征。
[Abstract]:Combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD),) scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, the distribution characteristics, forms of carbonate distribution in saline and alkali soils along the shore of Abi Lake, Xinjiang, and their primary characteristics with other soils were studied. The results show that the primary minerals are mainly quartz and feldspar, the clay minerals are mainly chlorite and Illite, and the weathering degree of soil minerals is in the order of the northern west and the east. The chemical deposition of the modern salt lake in the western sample is the most obvious, and the biological weathering process in the northern sample is very strong. There was a significant positive correlation between the carbonate content measured by the XRD method and the gas volume method, and the coefficient of determination was 0.640 9. The potential of carbon sequestration will increase when the salt alkali soil contains high chlorite. At the same time, the identification error of XRD method for the relative content of carbonate also increases obviously, the diffraction peak form becomes complex, and the carbonate content is obviously underestimated. The reason of underestimation may be related to the increase of dispersion scattering caused by the high content of organic matter and the increase of isomorphism caused by the high content of clay minerals. Soil minerals in the western and northern parts of the country are strongly eroded, gypsum is dispersed or radially distributed between calcite crystals in the form of fibrous or long columnar crystals, and calcite grows on the surface of other minerals or substrates in the form of heterogeneous nucleation. It is characterized by the morphology of secondary carbonate.
【作者單位】： 新疆大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院;新疆大學(xué)生態(tài)學(xué)博士后流動站;教育部新疆綠洲生態(tài)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41261049,41130531) 中國博士后基金面上項(xiàng)目(2013M532100)資助
【分類號】：S153.6

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