發(fā)布時間：2018-12-23 20:38

【摘要】：為揭示休耕對農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)植物群落和物種多樣性的影響,以稻-麥連作和稻-休耕系統(tǒng)為研究對象,研究田內(nèi)、田埂和溝渠3種生境的物種組成和多樣性特征。結(jié)果表明,1)稻-麥連作系統(tǒng)植物由28科58屬64種組成,多年生植物占39.1%;休耕系統(tǒng)植物由32科68屬76種組成,多年生植物占52.6%;2)休耕顯著提高了物種豐富度(P=0.021)和Shannon-Weiner多樣性指數(shù)(P=0.006),但是稻-麥連作和稻-休耕系統(tǒng)之間的Simpson優(yōu)勢度指數(shù)和Pielou均勻度指數(shù)沒有顯著差異(P=0.318,P=0.844);3)無論稻-麥連作還是稻-休耕系統(tǒng),田埂生境中各多樣性指數(shù)最高;但在休耕系統(tǒng)中,田埂和田內(nèi)各多樣性指數(shù)均沒有顯著差異;4)樣方去趨勢對應(yīng)分析(detrended correspondence analysis,DCA)排序明確揭示了連作和休耕系統(tǒng)樣地基本分離,且休耕期田內(nèi)和田埂植物群落組成相似。休耕可降低作物生境和非作物生境的植物組成差異,促進農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)植物物種多樣性。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the effect of fallow tillage on plant community and species diversity in farmland ecosystem, the species composition and diversity characteristics of three habitats, field ridge and ditch, were studied by using rice-wheat continuous cropping system and rice-fallow tillage system as research objects. The results showed that: 1) the plants of rice-wheat continuous cropping system were composed of 64 species belonging to 58 genera and 28 families, with perennial plants accounting for 39.1%, fallow system plants consisted of 76 species belonging to 68 genera and 32 families, and perennial plants accounted for 52.6%. 2) fallow tillage significantly increased species richness (P0. 021) and Shannon-Weiner diversity index (P0. 006), but there was no significant difference in Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness index between rice-wheat continuous cropping system and rice-fallow tillage system (P0. 318). P0. 844); 3) the diversity index of terrace habitats was the highest in rice-wheat continuous cropping system and rice-fallow system, but there was no significant difference between field ridge and field diversity index in fallow system. (4) (detrended correspondence analysis,DCA) sequencing revealed that the plots of continuous cropping and fallow systems were basically separated, and the composition of plant communities in the field and the ridge was similar during the fallow period. Fallow tillage can reduce plant composition difference between crop habitat and non-crop habitat and promote plant species diversity in farmland ecosystem.
【作者單位】： 長江大學主要糧食作物產(chǎn)業(yè)化湖北省協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;長江大學農(nóng)學院;
【基金】：國家重點研發(fā)計劃子課題(十三五糧豐增效科技創(chuàng)新)(2016YFD0300208-04) 長江大學濕地生態(tài)與農(nóng)業(yè)利用教育部工程研究中心開放基金(KF201610)
【分類號】：S181;S34

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