基于三維激光掃描技術(shù)的廣州市水土流失敏感性分析與應(yīng)急監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)應(yīng)用
[Abstract]:Three-dimensional laser scanning is a new technique in laser measurement, that is, it has made rapid progress in recent years. The basic principle of the system is to transmit and receive pulse laser. The color three-dimensional model of the object to be tested or the landscape can be displayed by a large number of point clouds. Because the technology has high speed, high precision, high density and no need to contact the object to be tested in the process of obtaining the 3D coordinate indicated by the ground object. At present, three-dimensional laser scanning technology has been gradually applied to soil erosion monitoring. As the core area of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration, Guangzhou is also a frontier area with high economic development level in China. Therefore, because of the high urbanization, the soil erosion caused by the construction of cities and towns, the extraction of stone and the construction of roads have the characteristics of large amount of loss and wide range of loss. But these to the ecology, the human settlement environment has caused the bigger negative influence. At present, the emergency monitoring of soil erosion in Guangzhou is still in its infancy, and the monitoring situation based on traditional equipment and technology has not changed fundamentally for many years. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop the application of soil erosion monitoring based on 3D laser scanning for the maintenance and improvement of ecological environment in Guangzhou. In this paper, the software and hardware components of 3D laser scanning technology, its basic principles, the applicable fields and relevant data processing methods are introduced, and then the types and causes of soil and water loss disasters in Guangzhou are summarized. On this basis, the sensitive areas prone to disasters are analyzed. Then, the three-dimensional laser scanning technique was used to simulate the soil and water loss under different induced factors in the laboratory. At the same time, the relevant data should be processed, that is, through the point cloud data correlation processing, the soil and water loss of a certain reference plane in a specific scanning area is calculated, and the accuracy of the loss is verified with the true loss. The feasibility and effectiveness of 3D laser scanning in soil erosion emergency monitoring are analyzed and evaluated. In the field application, the field emergency monitoring is carried out for the quarrying area, the real estate development area and the road construction area. Finally, based on the above data and cases, the emergency monitoring plan of soil and water loss disaster is designed based on 3D laser scanning technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:S157
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