【摘要】：采用土壤培養(yǎng)及盆栽試驗研究5種調(diào)理劑(生石灰、油菜秸稈、有機肥、鉀硅肥、土壤改良劑,用量均為1.8 g/kg)對酸性土壤(pH值3.9)酸度指標和大麥幼苗生長的影響。土壤培養(yǎng)試驗結果表明,施用生石灰、有機肥和鉀硅肥均能明顯提高土壤pH值,降低土壤交換性酸總量、交換性H+和交換性鋁含量。其中以生石灰降酸效果最好,到培養(yǎng)第90 d,相比于對照處理提高了0.66個單位,土壤交換性鋁含量減少了2.01 cmol/kg;其次是有機肥和鉀硅肥處理,pH值較對照處理分別提高了0.14和0.15,土壤交換性鋁含量分別降低了0.23和0.19cmol/kg;油菜秸稈和土壤改良劑處理從酸度指標來看,與對照并沒有顯著差異。大麥幼苗盆栽試驗結果表明,與對照相比,生石灰、油菜秸稈、有機肥、鉀硅肥和土壤改良劑處理的大麥幼苗地上部生物量分別增加71.5%、24.1%、27.6%、28.2%、24.7%,大麥株高、根長、根系總表面積和根系活力均顯著高于對照處理,根系平均直徑減少,有利于養(yǎng)分和水分的吸收。綜合結果表明,不同類型的調(diào)理劑對酸性土壤的降酸效果不盡相同,其中以生石灰效果最好,秸稈處理盡管沒有有效降低土壤酸度但仍可明顯促進作物生長,因此也可用作酸性土壤的改良物質,在實際生產(chǎn)中應因地制宜應用各種調(diào)節(jié)物質來促進作物生長。
[Abstract]:Soil culture and pot experiment were used to study five kinds of conditioning agents (quicklime, rape straw, organic fertilizer, potassium and silicon fertilizer, soil improver). The effects of 1. 8 g/kg) on acidity index of acid soil (pH 3. 9) and growth of barley seedlings were studied. The results of soil culture test showed that the application of quicklime, organic fertilizer and potassium silicon fertilizer could significantly increase the pH value of soil, and reduce the total exchangeable acid, exchangeable H and exchangeable aluminum content in soil. The acid reduction effect of quicklime was the best. By the 90th day of culture, the content of exchangeable aluminum in soil was decreased by 2.01 cmol/kg; compared with the control treatment, and increased by 0.66 units. Secondly, organic fertilizer and potassium silicon fertilizer treatment, the pH value increased by 0.14 and 0.15, the content of exchangeable aluminum in soil decreased 0.23 and 0.19 cmol / kg, respectively, compared with the control treatment, the content of exchangeable aluminum in soil decreased by 0.23 and 0.19 cmol / kg, respectively. The treatment of rape straw and soil modifier had no significant difference from the control in terms of acidity index. The results of pot experiment of barley seedlings showed that the aboveground biomass of barley seedlings treated with quicklime, rape straw, organic fertilizer, potassium and silicon fertilizer and soil improver increased by 71.5% 24.1% and 27.6%, respectively. The plant height, root length, root total surface area and root activity of barley were significantly higher than that of the control, and the mean diameter of root decreased, which was beneficial to the absorption of nutrients and water. The comprehensive results showed that different types of conditioning agents had different effects on acid soil, among which quicklime had the best effect, and straw treatment could significantly promote crop growth, although it could not effectively reduce the acidity of soil. Therefore, it can also be used as an improved substance in acid soil, which should be adapted to local conditions to promote crop growth.
【作者單位】： 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學資源與環(huán)境學院/農(nóng)業(yè)部長江中下游耕地保育重點實驗室;湖北省恩施州土壤肥料工作站;
【基金】：“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃課題(2014BAD11B03) 國家測土配方施肥補貼資金項目(財農(nóng)[2009]211號) 恩施州科技計劃項目(XYJ2014000039)
【分類號】：S156.6;S512.3
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本文編號：2379808