【摘要】：為了揭示地面覆蓋對凍融期土壤硝態(tài)氮遷移與分布的影響,試驗分別設(shè)置裸地(LD)、地膜覆蓋(MD)和秸稈覆蓋(JD)3種地表處理,運用單因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA)和最小顯著差異法(LSD)統(tǒng)計分析凍融期土壤硝態(tài)氮的時空變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,封凍前地表覆蓋(MD和JD)顯著增加了土壤剖面(0~110cm)的硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比,土壤硝態(tài)氮的累積效果為MDJDLD;凍結(jié)期各處理地塊均在土壤相變區(qū)(0~60cm)出現(xiàn)硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比高值區(qū),LD在土壤凍結(jié)過程中的積氮效應(yīng)(特指硝態(tài)氮)最為顯著,積氮范圍為10~55cm,硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比峰值達37.18mg/kg,顯著高于MD和JD;消融期MD顯著增加土壤剖面硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比,最高值達42.38mg/kg。MD和JD有效抑制了凍融期相變區(qū)土壤硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比的波動程度,其中JD硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比的時程變幅小于MD。同時,凍融期MD與LD間硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比均差值明顯高于JD,且土體通融后,MD、JD和LD為0~60cm土壤硝態(tài)氮質(zhì)量比與封凍前相比分別增加了12.23、6.84和6.57mg/kg,說明MD更有利于硝態(tài)氮累積。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the effect of ground mulch on nitrate nitrogen transport and distribution in frozen and thawed soil, (LD), mulching (MD) and straw mulching (JD) were used in the experiment. Single factor variance analysis (one-way ANOVA) and minimum significant difference method (LSD) were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of nitrate in frozen and thawed soil. The results showed that surface cover (MD and JD) significantly increased the mass ratio of nitrate to nitrogen in soil profile (0~110cm) before freezing, and the cumulative effect of soil nitrate nitrogen was MDJDLD;. During the freezing period, all the treatment blocks had high ratio of nitrate to nitrogen in the soil phase change zone (0~60cm), and the effect of LD on nitrogen accumulation during soil freezing was the most significant, and the range of nitrogen accumulation was 10 ~ 55 cm. The peak value of nitrate-nitrogen ratio was 37.18 mg / kg, which was significantly higher than that of MD and JD;. During ablation, MD significantly increased the nitrate-nitrogen mass ratio in soil profile, and the maximum value of 42.38mg/kg.MD and JD effectively inhibited the fluctuation of soil nitrate / nitrogen mass ratio in the phase change zone during freezing and thawing period, and the time-history variation of JD nitrate nitrogen mass ratio was smaller than that of MD.. At the same time, the difference between MD and LD during freezing and thawing period was significantly higher than that between JD, and after soil blending, MD,JD and LD were increased by 12.23 mg / kg and 6.57 mg / kg, respectively, when compared with those before freezing. The results show that MD is more favorable for nitrate accumulation.
【作者單位】： 太原理工大學(xué)水利科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(41572239) 高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點專項科研基金資助項目(20131402110008)
【分類號】：S153.6

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