【摘要】：【目的】研究化肥減量20%配施精制有機(jī)肥(ROF)、化肥減量20%配施生物有機(jī)肥(BOF)和常規(guī)施肥(CF,100%化肥)處理對(duì)設(shè)施菊花土壤微生物區(qū)系、代謝活性及設(shè)施菊花產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響�！痉椒ā炕谔镩g小區(qū)試驗(yàn),以切花菊主栽品種‘優(yōu)香’為材料,采用BIOLOG ECO微平板法和稀釋平板計(jì)數(shù)方法。【結(jié)果】與CF處理相比,BOF處理的土壤細(xì)菌、放線菌和微生物總量分別顯著提高了53.7%、85.6%和70.1%,土壤真菌數(shù)量顯著降低了63.9%;Shannon(H)和Mc Intash(U)指數(shù)分別顯著提高了4.8%和27.0%,同時(shí)提高了土壤微生物的代謝活性和對(duì)各類碳源的利用能力,并顯著提高了設(shè)施菊花觀賞性狀。ROF處理的土壤真菌數(shù)量顯著降低了48.4%,Mc Intash(U)指數(shù)顯著提高了18.2%,糖類碳源的利用顯著提高了11.5%。與ROF處理相比,BOF處理的土壤細(xì)菌、放線菌和微生物總量分別顯著提高了34.1%、51.3%和35.0%;聚合物類、酚類和胺類的利用率分別顯著提高了13.7%、84.9%和22.5%。PCA主成分分析表明:不同施肥處理顯著改變了土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu),起分異作用的碳源主要為糖類、聚合物類和羧酸類�！窘Y(jié)論】在全生育期化肥減量20%條件下,配施不同有機(jī)肥處理能夠保證設(shè)施菊花產(chǎn)量,且配施生物有機(jī)肥改善了土壤微生物區(qū)系并提高了土壤微生物代謝活性。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the microflora of chrysanthemum morifolium soil treated with 20% chemical fertilizer reduction and 20% (ROF), fertilizer reduction combined with biological organic fertilizer (BOF) and conventional fertilization (CF,100%). [methods] based on field experiment, the main cultivar of cut chrysanthemum 'Youxiang' was used as material, BIOLOG ECO microplate method and dilution plate counting method were used. [results] compared with CF treatment, the metabolic activity and the yield and quality of chrysanthemum were studied. The total amount of soil bacteria, actinomycetes and microbes treated with BOF increased significantly by 53.7% and 70.1%, respectively, and the number of soil fungi decreased significantly by 63.9%. The indexes of Shannon (H) and Mc Intash (U) increased significantly by 4.8% and 27.0%, respectively, and the metabolic activity of soil microbes and the ability of utilization of various carbon sources were also increased. The number of fungi in soil treated with ROF decreased significantly by 48.4%, and the index of MC Intash (U) increased by 18.22.The utilization of carbohydrate and carbon sources increased significantly by 11.5%. Compared with ROF treatment, the total amount of soil bacteria, actinomycetes and microbes treated with BOF increased by 34.1% and 35.0% respectively. The utilization rates of polymers, phenols and amines were significantly increased by 84.9% and 84.9%, respectively, and 22.5%.PCA principal component analysis showed that different fertilization treatments significantly changed the soil microbial community structure. The main carbon sources for differentiation were carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid and carboxylic acid. [conclusion] under the condition of fertilizer reduction of 20% during the whole growth period, the yield of chrysanthemum can be guaranteed by different organic fertilizer treatments. The microbial flora of soil was improved and the metabolic activity of soil microorganism was improved by applying biological organic fertilizer.
【作者單位】： 云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)基金(201103004,201103003) 云南省高�？萍紕�(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)支持計(jì)劃 云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)研究生科技創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(2015ykc34)
【分類號(hào)】：S154.3;S629;S682.11

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