中國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂地理種群遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-12-07 09:49
【摘要】:本論文利用線粒體基因序列和微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記對(duì)我國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂地理種群的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了研究,通過分析種群遺傳多樣性參數(shù)、種群遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)和群口歷史,明確了不同地理種群間的遺傳分化程度,探討了影響種群分化的因素,具體結(jié)果如下:(1)擴(kuò)增得到我國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂12個(gè)地理種群共158個(gè)個(gè)體的2段線粒體基因序列和17個(gè)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)標(biāo)記,覆蓋了我國代表性區(qū)域。其中cox1共7個(gè)單倍型,cytb共8個(gè)單倍型,cox1和cytb聯(lián)合區(qū)域共12個(gè)單倍型。17個(gè)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)共檢測到242個(gè)等位基因,每個(gè)種群的等位基因總數(shù)均大于50。(2)利用兩種分子標(biāo)記進(jìn)行分析,分析我國12個(gè)菜蛾盤絨繭蜂種群內(nèi)存在明顯的遺傳分化。其中基于2個(gè)線粒體基因序列的遺傳分化系數(shù)Fst在 0.074~0.917之間,66組兩兩種群間共42組存在顯著的遺傳分化;基于17個(gè)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)的遺傳分化系數(shù)Fst在 0.006~0.286之間,66組兩兩種群間共50組存在顯著的遺傳分化。云南地區(qū)種群的核苷酸多樣性和單倍型多樣性大于其他種群,各種群的多態(tài)信息含量均大于0.500。12個(gè)種群的等位基因平均數(shù)(MNA)、觀測雜合度(Ho)、期望雜合度(He)、基因豐富度(Ar)范圍分別為:4.765到8.000,0.590到0.783,0.656到0.788,3.067到3.821。(3)基于兩種分子標(biāo)記構(gòu)建的NJ樹,以及2個(gè)線粒體基因單倍型網(wǎng)狀分析表明,我國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂很可能分化成遺傳上不同但與地理位置相關(guān)的3個(gè)支系:北方支系、中部支系和西南支系。北方支系包括新疆地區(qū)及東北地區(qū)范圍的種群,中部支系包括陜西地區(qū)、北京地區(qū)、山東地區(qū)、湖南地區(qū)及兩廣地區(qū)范圍的種群,西南支系包括云南地區(qū)及四川地區(qū)的種群。以云南種群為代表的西南支系明顯與其他支系間存在遺傳分化,新疆種群和東北種群為代表的北方支系也明顯與中部支系間存在遺傳分化。單倍型進(jìn)化樹分化時(shí)間分析表明,西南支系與其他支系最早于410萬年前出現(xiàn)分化,北方支系與中部支系最早于90萬年前出現(xiàn)分化。(4)利用兩種分子標(biāo)記方法計(jì)算出的種群遺傳距離與種群地理距離作的相關(guān)性狀點(diǎn)狀分析(Mantel-test)表明,菜蛾盤絨繭蜂種群間的遺傳分化與地理位置存在顯著相關(guān)性(線粒體基因:r=0.595;P=0.001;微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記:r=0.651;P=0.012)。利用BAPS(線粒體基因序列和微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記)、GENELAND(線粒體基因序列和微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記)和STRUCTURE(微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記)等3種方法進(jìn)行分析;诰粒體基因和微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記的BAPS分析均將我國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂分為3個(gè)群組;诰粒體基因的GENELAND分析將我國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂分為4個(gè)群組(新疆兩個(gè)種群被分為兩個(gè)不同分支),基于微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記則分為3個(gè)群組;谖⑿l(wèi)星標(biāo)記的STRUCTURE分析同樣將我國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂分為3個(gè)群組。發(fā)現(xiàn)兩種分子標(biāo)記的結(jié)果因數(shù)據(jù)類型的不同,產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果并不完全一致,但均表明:我國菜蛾盤絨繭蜂存在3個(gè)群組,即西南群組、中部群組與北方群組,與進(jìn)化樹結(jié)果一致。(5)通過兩種分子標(biāo)記對(duì)菜蛾盤絨繭蜂12個(gè)種群的基因流進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明3個(gè)群組間基因流水平都較低,低水平的基因流是由于菜蛾盤絨繭蜂不具有遷飛性且本身存在地理隔離現(xiàn)象引起。(6)基于線粒體基因序列的中性檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,黑龍江哈爾濱、陜西楊凌、廣西南寧、吉林長春、新疆烏魯木齊、新疆阿拉爾、云南昆明等7個(gè)種群的Tajima’s D值從 2.333~2.611,顯著背離0。通過分析3個(gè)群組菜蛾盤絨繭蜂的錯(cuò)配分布發(fā)現(xiàn),觀測值與模擬值基本符合,說明該群組均符合群體擴(kuò)張假說(G1:P=0.250;G2:P=0.810;G3:P=0.980;G1=SC,G2=MC,G3=NC)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the genetic structure of the geographical population of the Chinese cabbage moth is studied by using the sequence of the mitochondrial gene and the microsatellite marker. The genetic diversity parameters, the genetic structure of the population and the history of the population are analyzed, and the degree of genetic differentiation among the different geographical populations is determined. The factors influencing the population differentiation were discussed. The specific results are as follows: (1) The 2-segment mitochondrial gene sequence and 17 microsatellite loci markers of 158 individuals in 12 geographical populations of China's vegetable moth, which is a representative region of China, are covered. Among them, cox1 was 7 single-fold, and the total number of cox1 and ctb was 12 single-fold. The total number of alleles in 17 microsatellite loci was greater than 50. (2) Two kinds of molecular markers were used for the analysis, and there were obvious genetic differentiation in the population of the 12-vegetable moth. 鍏朵腑鍩轟簬2涓嚎綺掍綋鍩哄洜搴忓垪鐨勯仐浼犲垎鍖栫郴鏁癋st鍦,
本文編號(hào):2367008
[Abstract]:In this paper, the genetic structure of the geographical population of the Chinese cabbage moth is studied by using the sequence of the mitochondrial gene and the microsatellite marker. The genetic diversity parameters, the genetic structure of the population and the history of the population are analyzed, and the degree of genetic differentiation among the different geographical populations is determined. The factors influencing the population differentiation were discussed. The specific results are as follows: (1) The 2-segment mitochondrial gene sequence and 17 microsatellite loci markers of 158 individuals in 12 geographical populations of China's vegetable moth, which is a representative region of China, are covered. Among them, cox1 was 7 single-fold, and the total number of cox1 and ctb was 12 single-fold. The total number of alleles in 17 microsatellite loci was greater than 50. (2) Two kinds of molecular markers were used for the analysis, and there were obvious genetic differentiation in the population of the 12-vegetable moth. 鍏朵腑鍩轟簬2涓嚎綺掍綋鍩哄洜搴忓垪鐨勯仐浼犲垎鍖栫郴鏁癋st鍦,
本文編號(hào):2367008
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