【摘要】：磷是植物生長的限制因子之一,土壤中占主導(dǎo)地位的有機磷只有在磷酸酶礦化水解作用后才能被作物吸收利用。因此,研究土壤磷酸酶活性特征可為活化土壤中作物較難利用的磷素提供一些途徑或方法。本文以紫花苜蓿和栗鈣土為研究對象,在盆栽試驗條件下分析了不同梯度磷肥施用(P)和水分(W)下的土壤磷酸酶活性特征。結(jié)果表明,土壤堿性磷酸單酯酶活性(99.2~170.0 mg para-nitrophenol·kg~(-1) soil·h~(-1))高于酸性磷酸單酯酶活性(24.7~56.9 mg para-nitrophenol·kg~(-1) soil·h~(-1));水肥交互作用對土壤酸性磷酸單酯酶活性和磷酸二酯酶活性均產(chǎn)生顯著影響;其中,在常規(guī)水分處理條件下,高施磷肥抑制土壤無機焦磷酸酶活性;重度干旱降低了紫花苜蓿土壤酸性磷酸單酯酶、磷酸二酯酶和無機焦磷酸酶活性,但在干旱條件下施磷肥量的增加可提高土壤酸性、堿性磷酸單酯酶活性。因此,通過控制土壤水分和磷肥施用量可達到抑制或激活土壤磷酸酶活性的目的。
[Abstract]:Phosphorus is one of the limiting factors for plant growth. Organic phosphorus, which dominates in soil, can only be absorbed and utilized by crops after mineralized hydrolysis of phosphatase. Therefore, studying the characteristics of soil phosphatase activity can provide some ways or methods for activating phosphorus which is difficult to be used by crops in soil. In this paper, using alfalfa and chestnut soil as research objects, the characteristics of soil phosphatase activity under different gradient phosphate fertilizer application of (P) and water (W) were analyzed in pot experiment. The results showed that the activity of alkaline phosphatase (99.2n 170.0 mg para-nitrophenol kg~ (-1) soil h ~ (-1) was higher than that of acid phosphatase (24.7C 56.9 mg para-nitrophenol kg~ (-1) soil h ~ (-1);). The interaction of water and fertilizer had a significant effect on soil acid phosphatase activity and phosphodiesterase activity, among which high application of phosphate fertilizer inhibited soil inorganic pyrophosphatase activity under conventional water treatment. The activities of acid phosphatase, phosphodiesterase and inorganic pyrophosphatase in alfalfa soil were decreased by severe drought. Therefore, the activity of soil phosphatase can be inhibited or activated by controlling soil moisture and the amount of phosphate fertilizer.
【作者單位】： 赤峰學(xué)院資源與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院;赤峰學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究院;東北林業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;
【基金】：內(nèi)蒙古自然科學(xué)基金(2014BS0302) 國家自然科學(xué)基金(31400459)項目資助
【分類號】：S541.9;S154.2

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