發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-09 16:47

【摘要】：為研究沸石和過(guò)磷酸鈣對(duì)畜禽糞便高溫好氧堆肥過(guò)程中甲烷(CH_4)排放的影響,選用蛋雞糞和米糠為試驗(yàn)材料,以沸石和過(guò)磷酸鈣為堆肥添加劑,進(jìn)行了46 d的好氧堆肥試驗(yàn),監(jiān)測(cè)了堆肥試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中CH_4排放通量的變化,并通過(guò)PCR-DGGE和熒光定量PCR方法對(duì)產(chǎn)甲烷菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)和數(shù)量進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:CH_4的排放主要集中在堆肥中后期的腐熟階段,添加沸石和過(guò)磷酸鈣延后了CH_4排放的高峰期,并且削減了CH_4排放的峰值,對(duì)照處理在堆肥第31天達(dá)到排放峰值(CH_4,66.08 g/(m~2×d)),沸石處理和過(guò)磷酸鈣處理的排放峰值分別在堆放第35天和39天,分別為CH_4 30.24 g/(m~2×d)和27.38 g/(m~2×d),添加沸石和過(guò)磷酸鈣分別降低47.23%和56.20%的CH_4排放總量,減排效果顯著。添加沸石和過(guò)磷酸鈣均沒(méi)有對(duì)產(chǎn)甲烷古菌的群落結(jié)構(gòu)造成顯著影響;但是添加沸石和過(guò)磷酸鈣可以增大堆肥后期透氣性,提高堆肥后期CO_2/CH_4比,降低產(chǎn)甲烷古菌的絕對(duì)數(shù)量。因此,沸石和過(guò)磷酸鈣能夠作為工廠化雞糞條垛堆肥添加劑,有效削減CH_4排放,且過(guò)磷酸鈣效果更佳。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of zeolite and calcium superphosphate on methane (CH_4) emission during high temperature aerobic composting of livestock and poultry feces, layer manure and rice bran were used as experimental materials, and zeolites and calcium superphosphate were used as composting additives. The aerobic composting experiment was carried out for 46 days. The changes of CH_4 emission flux during composting test were monitored, and the community structure and quantity of methanogenic bacteria were analyzed by PCR-DGGE and fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that the emission of CH_4 was mainly concentrated in the decay stage of compost, the peak of CH_4 emission was delayed by adding zeolite and calcium superphosphate, and the peak value of CH_4 emission was reduced. The emission peak value of CH_4,66.08 g / (mc2 脳 d),) zeolite treatment and calcium superphosphate treatment reached the peak on the 31st day of composting (CH_4,66.08 g / (mG-2 脳 d),) zeolite treatment and calcium superphosphate treatment on the 35th day and 39th day, respectively). The total amount of CH_4 emission decreased by 47.23% and 56.20% respectively by adding zeolite and calcium superphosphate to CH_4 30.24 g / (mc2 脳 d) and 27.38g / (mt2 脳 d), respectively, and the emission reduction effect was remarkable. The addition of zeolite and calcium superphosphate had no significant effect on the community structure of methanogenic ancient bacteria. But the addition of zeolite and calcium superphosphate could increase the permeability of compost, increase the CO_2/CH_4 ratio and reduce the absolute amount of methanogenic bacteria. Therefore, zeolite and calcium superphosphate can be used as composting additives for industrial chicken dung stacking, which can effectively reduce CH_4 emissions, and calcium superphosphate has better effect.
【作者單位】： 土壤與農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(中國(guó)科學(xué)院南京土壤研究所);中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);紅塔煙草(集團(tuán))有限責(zé)任公司;
【基金】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略性先導(dǎo)科技專項(xiàng)(XDA05020803,XDA05020800) 國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2013BAD11B01)資助
【分類號(hào)】：S141.4

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