發(fā)布時間：2018-11-09 08:14

【摘要】：森林土壤是溫室氣體重要的源和匯。探討不同森林管理和全球大氣變化下土壤溫室氣體通量特征,為有效減少溫室氣體排放及森林可持續(xù)管理等提供參考。筆者從森林土壤溫室氣體(forest soil green house gases)、森林管理(forest mangement)和全球大氣變化(global atmospheric change)3個關(guān)鍵研究點,查閱近年來相關(guān)研究成果,歸納森林管理和全球大氣變化下土壤溫室氣體通量的一般性模式。CO_2、CH_4和N_2O是3種重要溫室氣體,其通量間存在協(xié)同、消長和隨機型耦合關(guān)系。森林管理如火燒、采伐和造林等顯著影響土壤溫室氣體通量。一般情況下,火燒導(dǎo)致土壤N_2O通量降低,CH_4吸收量增加,CO_2通量因火燒類型、火燒強度、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類型不同出現(xiàn)增加、減低和無影響3種結(jié)果;采伐通常導(dǎo)致土壤CO_2、CH_4和N_2O排放增加;造林可使土壤CO_2排放減少,對N_2O和CH_4通量的影響隨生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類型、造林樹種等而改變。全球大氣變化如CO_2濃度升高、氮沉降和氣溫升高影響森林土壤溫室氣體通量。通常,CO_2濃度升高導(dǎo)致土壤CO_2和N_2O排放量增加,CH_4吸收量降低;氮沉降促進土壤N_2O排放、抑制CH_4吸收。氣溫升高導(dǎo)致土壤CO_2和N_2O排放增加。森林管理和全球大氣變化對土壤溫室氣體通量的綜合影響是非疊加的,有效的森林管理可能改變土壤溫室氣體通量對全球大氣變化的響應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Forest soil is an important source and sink of greenhouse gases. The characteristics of soil greenhouse gas fluxes under different forest management and global atmospheric changes are discussed in order to provide references for effective reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and sustainable forest management. From three key research points of forest soil greenhouse gas (forest soil green house gases), forest management (forest mangement) and global atmospheric change (global atmospheric change), the author consulted the related research results in recent years. A general model of soil greenhouse gas fluxes under forest management and global atmospheric change is summarized. CO_2,CH_4 and N _ 2O are three important greenhouse gases whose fluxes are synergistic, fluctuating and stochastic coupling. Forest management, such as fire, logging and afforestation, significantly affected soil greenhouse gas fluxes. In general, soil N2O fluxes decreased and CH_4 uptake increased, and CO_2 fluxes increased due to different types of fire, fire intensity and ecosystem types, and decreased and had no effect on soil N2O fluxes. Felling usually results in an increase in soil CO_2,CH_4 and N2O emissions, and afforestation can reduce soil CO_2 emissions, and the effects of afforestation on N _ 2O and CH_4 fluxes vary with ecosystem types, afforestation species, and so on. Global atmospheric changes such as CO_2 concentration, nitrogen deposition and temperature increase affect greenhouse gas flux of forest soil. Generally, the increase of CO_2 concentration leads to the increase of soil CO_2 and N2O emissions, and the decrease of CH_4 uptake, while nitrogen deposition promotes soil N2O emissions and inhibits CH_4 uptake. Soil CO_2 and N2O emissions increased with the increase of air temperature. The combined effects of forest management and global atmospheric change on soil greenhouse gas flux are non-superimposed. Effective forest management may change the response of soil greenhouse gas flux to global atmospheric change.
【作者單位】： 東北林業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家重點研發(fā)計劃(2016YFA0600803) 國家自然科學(xué)基金重點項目(41330530) 中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費專項資金項目(2572016AA06)
【分類號】：S714

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本文編號：2319850