發(fā)布時間：2018-11-03 16:06

【摘要】：采用稀釋平板法和形態(tài)學鑒定法進行了遼寧堿蓬(Suaeda liaotungensis)根際土壤真菌的分離鑒定及季節(jié)、鹽度對真菌多樣性的影響分析。結果表明:春、夏、秋、冬四季遼寧堿蓬根際土壤中的真菌菌落數分別為6410、4180、5730和3340,種類分別為6屬13種、9屬16種、11屬31種、6屬12種,共分離鑒定出13屬42種真菌;其根際土壤真菌的多樣性指數、豐富度指數和均勻度指數,從大到小的次序均為秋夏春冬,3種指數均在秋季達到峰值;多樣性指數和豐富度指數差異較大,均勻度指數波動較小,春季和冬季的均勻度指數相近。遼寧堿蓬根際土壤真菌種類明顯多于無植被土壤,是無植被土壤的7倍,多樣性指數和均勻度指數分別是無植被土壤的4—8倍和1—1.2倍;其根際土壤真菌優(yōu)勢種群包括青霉屬(Penicillium)、葡萄穗霉屬(Stachybotrys)、枝孢屬(Cladosporium)、木霉屬(Trichoderma)、曲霉屬(Aspergillus)和鐮孢屬(Fusarium);4個季節(jié)的優(yōu)勢菌不盡相同,但均有一個共同的優(yōu)勢菌屬青霉屬。以Na Cl濃度梯度法制造鹽脅迫生境,檢測遼寧堿蓬根際土壤真菌對鹽脅迫的響應,結果表明:60%左右的菌種能耐受5%以下鹽度、15%左右的菌種能耐10%—20%鹽度;篩選出了6株高度耐鹽菌:細交鏈孢霉、草酸青霉、產黃青霉、煙曲霉、細極鏈格孢和赭曲霉,其中最高耐鹽菌種赭曲霉可耐20%鹽度。創(chuàng)新之處在于以鹽度和季節(jié)為變量檢測遼寧堿蓬根際土壤真菌的種群構成,為其深入研究奠定了理論基礎。
[Abstract]:The isolation and identification of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda salsa (Suaeda liaotungensis) in Liaoning Province were carried out by dilution plate method and morphological identification. The effects of salinity and season on fungal diversity were analyzed. The results showed that the number of fungal colonies in the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda salsa in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 6410, 4180, 5730 and 3340, respectively. The species were 6 genera, 13 species, 9 genera, 16 species, 11 genera, 31 species, 6 genera and 12 species, respectively. 13 genera and 42 species of fungi were isolated and identified. The diversity index, richness index and evenness index of rhizosphere fungi were in the order of autumn, summer, spring and winter. The diversity index and richness index differ greatly, the evenness index fluctuates little, and the evenness index in spring and winter is similar. The species of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda salsa in Liaoning Province were obviously more than those in the non-vegetated soil, and the diversity index and evenness index were 4-8 times and 1-1.2 times as much as those in the non-vegetated soil, respectively. The dominant populations of fungi in rhizosphere soil include Penicillium, (Penicillium), (Stachybotrys), (Cladosporium), Trichoderma, (Trichoderma), Aspergillus, (Aspergillus), and (Fusarium);, Fusarium. The dominant bacteria in four seasons are different, but they all belong to Penicillium. Salt stress habitat was made by Na Cl concentration gradient method, and the response of fungi to salt stress in rhizosphere soil of Suaeda salsa in Liaoning Province was tested. The results showed that 60% strains could tolerate less than 5% salinity, and 15% strains could tolerate 10% -20% salinity. Six strains of highly salt-tolerant bacteria, Alternaria sp., Penicillium oxalate, Penicillium flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Alternaria tenuifolia and Aspergillus ochratus, were screened out, and the highest salt-tolerant strain, Aspergillus ochratus, could tolerate 20% salinity. The innovation lies in the detection of the population composition of soil fungi in the rhizosphere of Suaeda salsa in Liaoning Province by using salinity and season as variables, which lays a theoretical foundation for its further study.
【作者單位】： 遼寧師范大學生命科學學院;
【基金】：遼寧省教育廳項目(2008S135)
【分類號】：S154.3

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