【摘要】：【目的】本研究評價了在被捕食者波動條件下,在花生蚜Aphis craccivora Koch和蘿卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)上六斑月瓢蟲Menochilus sexmaculatus(Fabricius)4齡幼蟲的功能反應。蘿卜蚜是一種含烯丙基異硫氰酸酯的防御性被捕食者。我們推測,在試驗的被捕食者條件下,在最適量被捕食者或豐富的被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的幼蟲比在缺乏被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的幼蟲表現(xiàn)出更好的功能反應。而在蘿卜蚜上六斑月瓢蟲的功能反應曲線的斜率比在花生蚜上要低。【方法】將六斑月瓢蟲4齡幼蟲從飼養(yǎng)條件(缺乏被捕食者/最適乏被捕食者/豐富的被捕食者)突然轉移到不同的試驗條件(極為缺乏被捕食者/缺乏被捕食者/次適量被捕食者/最適量被捕食者/豐富的被捕食者)下,外推出其功能曲線。【結果】盡管被捕食資源發(fā)生了改變,但是六斑月瓢蟲4齡幼蟲在花生蚜上表現(xiàn)出Ⅱ型反應,而在蘿卜蚜上表現(xiàn)出改變的Ⅱ型反應。此外,在5個試驗條件下,不管是哪種被捕食者,在最適量被捕食者/豐富的被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的4齡幼蟲均表現(xiàn)出正常的捕食率。但是在缺乏被捕食者條件下飼養(yǎng)的4齡幼蟲突然轉變到最適量/豐富的被捕食者實驗條件下時,它們通過取食比平時更多的被捕食者的生物量來補償食物的短缺。不過,它們在豐富的被捕食者條件下的取食量最高,在極為缺乏被捕食者的試驗條件下的取食量最低。而且,在花生蚜上記錄到較高的攻擊率和較低的獵物處理時間。【結論】結果說明,蘿卜蚜可利用量的波動可改變六斑月瓢蟲幼蟲的功能反應。然而,對于六斑月瓢蟲而言,花生蚜比蘿卜蚜是更為合適的被捕食者。
[Abstract]:[objective] to evaluate the functional responses of the 4th instar larvae of ladybird Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) on Aphis craccivora Koch and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) of peanut aphid and radish aphid under the condition of prey fluctuation. Radish aphid is a defensive predator containing allyl isothiocyanates. We conjecture that the larvae fed on the most suitable prey or abundant prey have better functional response than those fed in the absence of the prey under the experimental predatory condition. However, the slope of the functional response curve of the ladybug on the radish aphid was lower than that on the peanut aphid. [methods] the 4th instar larvae of ladybird were collected from the feeding conditions (lack of prey / optimal lack of prey / abundant arrest). A sudden shift to different test conditions (a severe lack of prey / secondary moderate prey / most moderate prey / rich predator), [results] although the predatory resources changed, the 4th instar larvae of ladybug showed type 鈪，

本文編號：2289590