基于區(qū)位條件的鄱陽縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理模式選擇研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-22 07:17
【摘要】：農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理在土地整治工作中是一個(gè)極其重要的部分,也逐漸成為將來城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展,新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的必然選擇結(jié)果,由于其對(duì)于農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)的優(yōu)化以及耕地占補(bǔ)平衡的突出作用便成為土地整治工作的重點(diǎn)。農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理模式選擇的研究,為村莊規(guī)劃提供重要的理論依據(jù)及指導(dǎo)作用。為了保障農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,切實(shí)有效的保護(hù)耕地,必須落實(shí)有效的措施,限制居民點(diǎn)的繼續(xù)粗放擴(kuò)張建設(shè),結(jié)合村鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃的約束指導(dǎo),開展居民點(diǎn)整理是保護(hù)耕地的有利途徑。在國內(nèi)外理論與實(shí)踐研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文以江西省鄱陽縣為例,通過文獻(xiàn)綜述法對(duì)農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理的理論進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析,并通過實(shí)地調(diào)研,借助GIS空間分析統(tǒng)計(jì)等工具,對(duì)鄱陽縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)狀及存在問題進(jìn)行研究分析,并以此為基礎(chǔ)對(duì)農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)的區(qū)位條件進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),并選擇適合本區(qū)域的居民點(diǎn)整理模式。對(duì)鄱陽縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)的整理模式進(jìn)行研究所得到的結(jié)果如下:(1)總結(jié)概括鄱陽縣土地利用現(xiàn)狀的主要特征:縣域內(nèi)的耕地質(zhì)量逐漸降低,農(nóng)地基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施落后;環(huán)鄱陽湖地區(qū)災(zāi)害頻繁,土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)不穩(wěn)定;宜耕土地后備資源缺乏,開發(fā)潛力小。(2)通過采用Voronoi圖Cv值法、最鄰近距離法、分散指數(shù)法對(duì)鄱陽縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)的空間分布特征進(jìn)行研究分析,結(jié)果表明:鄱陽縣大部分鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)空間分布呈現(xiàn)集群分布,也有較少部分鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的居民點(diǎn)分布相對(duì)比較分散。(3)對(duì)影響鄱陽縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)的各個(gè)區(qū)位因素進(jìn)行分析,構(gòu)建鄱陽縣農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)區(qū)位評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)全縣7406個(gè)農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)圖斑的區(qū)位條件分析評(píng)價(jià),并將評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果劃分為5個(gè)等級(jí)。總體來看,南部的居民點(diǎn)區(qū)位優(yōu)于北部,隨著區(qū)位評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)的下降,農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)斑塊數(shù)量及面積都逐漸減少。一級(jí)的面積最大,為6125.40hm2,占居民點(diǎn)總面積的29.16%;二級(jí)的居民點(diǎn)斑塊數(shù)最多,為1870個(gè),占居民點(diǎn)斑塊總數(shù)的25.25%;而五級(jí)的居民點(diǎn)斑塊數(shù)及面積均最小,所占比例分別僅為13.23%和7.18%。(4)在農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)斑塊評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用面積加權(quán)方法匯總到各個(gè)行政村,將鄱陽縣529個(gè)行政村劃分為5個(gè)等級(jí)。總體來看,南部區(qū)位等級(jí)高于北部,其中南部及中部偏西北部的行政村處于一級(jí),而北部較偏遠(yuǎn)的行政村處于五級(jí)。各等級(jí)的面積從高到低逐漸減少,其中一級(jí)面積最大,為90203.95hm2,占總凈評(píng)價(jià)面積的25.77%,五級(jí)面積最小,所占比例為13.54%。從行政村個(gè)數(shù)來看,隨著等級(jí)的降低行政村也逐漸減少,其中一級(jí)的行政村個(gè)數(shù)最多,為176個(gè),占行政村總數(shù)的33.27%,五級(jí)的行政村最少,僅為26個(gè),比重僅為4.91%。(5)從村莊發(fā)展、組織管理、資金籌措三個(gè)層面總結(jié)我國的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理模式。在區(qū)位評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合鄱陽縣的實(shí)際情況,將農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理模式劃分為五種,分別為:城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展模式、改造發(fā)展模式、內(nèi)部挖潛模式、遷村并點(diǎn)模式、整體遷移模式。其中,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展模式主要為縣城或鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)附近的行政村,共涉及到18個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的92個(gè)行政村;改造發(fā)展模式和內(nèi)部挖潛模式適用范圍最廣,幾乎涉及所有鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn);而整體遷移模式基本針對(duì)比較偏遠(yuǎn)或者山區(qū)區(qū)位條件較差的行政村,共計(jì)61個(gè)。
[Abstract]:The arrangement of rural residential areas is an extremely important part in the work of land improvement, and it gradually becomes the inevitable choice of urban and rural integrated development and new rural construction. Because of its optimization of rural settlements and the outstanding role of cultivated land accounting for compensation balance, it has become the focus of land reclamation. The research on the selection of the arrangement mode of rural residential area provides an important theoretical basis and guidance for the village planning. In order to guarantee the sustainable development of agriculture and effective protection of cultivated land, effective measures must be put in place to restrict the continuous and extensive expansion of residential areas and to combine the constraints of village planning, and to carry out settlement arrangement is an advantageous way to protect the cultivated land. Based on the research of theory and practice at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the theory of rural residential area arrangement by the literature review method, summarizes and analyzes the theory of rural residential area arrangement through the literature review method, and makes use of GIS spatial analysis statistics and other tools through field investigation. The present situation and existing problems of rural residential area in Jiyang County were studied and analyzed, and the location condition of rural residential area was evaluated on the basis of this, and the residential area arrangement model suitable for the region was selected. The results are as follows: (1) The main characteristics of land use status in Guyang County are summarized as follows: (1) The main characteristics of land use status in Guyang County are summarized: the cultivated land quality in the county is gradually reduced, the agricultural land infrastructure is backward, and the disasters in the lake area are frequent. Land use structure is not stable; it is advisable to cultivate land reserve resources and have small development potential. (2) By adopting the Voronoi Diagram Cv value method, the nearest neighbor distance method and the dispersion index method, the spatial distribution characteristics of the rural residential area in Jiyang County were studied and analyzed. The distribution of settlements in small towns is relatively scattered. (3) The location condition analysis and evaluation of 7406 rural residential area map spots in the county were analyzed, and the evaluation results were divided into 5 grades. Overall, the residential area in the south is superior to that of the north, with the decrease of location evaluation level, the number and area of patches in rural residential areas gradually decrease. The largest area at the first level is 6125. 40hm2, accounting for 29.16% of the total area of the residential area; the largest number of residential patches in the second level is 1870, accounting for 25.25% of the total number of residential patches; and the number of patches and areas of the five-level residential areas are minimum, accounting for 13.23% and 7.18% respectively. (4) Based on the evaluation results of rural residential area patches, the area-weighted method is applied to each administrative village, and 529 administrative villages in Jiyang County are divided into five grades. In general, the level of the south is higher than in the north, of which the administrative villages in the south and north-west are at the first level, while the remote administrative villages in the north are in five levels. The area of each grade gradually decreases from high to low, of which the largest area of primary area is 90203. 95hm2, accounting for 25.77% of the total net evaluation area, and the fifth grade area is the smallest, accounting for 13.54%. From the number of administrative villages, with the decrease of the administrative villages, the administrative villages at the first level are the largest, accounting for 33. 27% of the total number of administrative villages, the administrative villages of the five levels are the fewest, only 26, and the specific gravity is only 4.91%. (5) From the three aspects of village development, organization management and financing, we summarize our country's rural residential area arrangement mode. Based on the results of regional evaluation, combined with the actual situation of Yangyang County, the paper divides the arrangement mode of rural residential area into five types: urbanization development model, reconstruction development model, internal excavation potential model, relocation village, point mode and whole migration mode. Among them, the urbanization development mode is mainly the administrative village near the county or town, involving 92 administrative villages in 18 towns; The overall migration pattern is basically aimed at the relatively remote or mountainous areas with poor location, total 61.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F301.3;F323.22
[Abstract]:The arrangement of rural residential areas is an extremely important part in the work of land improvement, and it gradually becomes the inevitable choice of urban and rural integrated development and new rural construction. Because of its optimization of rural settlements and the outstanding role of cultivated land accounting for compensation balance, it has become the focus of land reclamation. The research on the selection of the arrangement mode of rural residential area provides an important theoretical basis and guidance for the village planning. In order to guarantee the sustainable development of agriculture and effective protection of cultivated land, effective measures must be put in place to restrict the continuous and extensive expansion of residential areas and to combine the constraints of village planning, and to carry out settlement arrangement is an advantageous way to protect the cultivated land. Based on the research of theory and practice at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the theory of rural residential area arrangement by the literature review method, summarizes and analyzes the theory of rural residential area arrangement through the literature review method, and makes use of GIS spatial analysis statistics and other tools through field investigation. The present situation and existing problems of rural residential area in Jiyang County were studied and analyzed, and the location condition of rural residential area was evaluated on the basis of this, and the residential area arrangement model suitable for the region was selected. The results are as follows: (1) The main characteristics of land use status in Guyang County are summarized as follows: (1) The main characteristics of land use status in Guyang County are summarized: the cultivated land quality in the county is gradually reduced, the agricultural land infrastructure is backward, and the disasters in the lake area are frequent. Land use structure is not stable; it is advisable to cultivate land reserve resources and have small development potential. (2) By adopting the Voronoi Diagram Cv value method, the nearest neighbor distance method and the dispersion index method, the spatial distribution characteristics of the rural residential area in Jiyang County were studied and analyzed. The distribution of settlements in small towns is relatively scattered. (3) The location condition analysis and evaluation of 7406 rural residential area map spots in the county were analyzed, and the evaluation results were divided into 5 grades. Overall, the residential area in the south is superior to that of the north, with the decrease of location evaluation level, the number and area of patches in rural residential areas gradually decrease. The largest area at the first level is 6125. 40hm2, accounting for 29.16% of the total area of the residential area; the largest number of residential patches in the second level is 1870, accounting for 25.25% of the total number of residential patches; and the number of patches and areas of the five-level residential areas are minimum, accounting for 13.23% and 7.18% respectively. (4) Based on the evaluation results of rural residential area patches, the area-weighted method is applied to each administrative village, and 529 administrative villages in Jiyang County are divided into five grades. In general, the level of the south is higher than in the north, of which the administrative villages in the south and north-west are at the first level, while the remote administrative villages in the north are in five levels. The area of each grade gradually decreases from high to low, of which the largest area of primary area is 90203. 95hm2, accounting for 25.77% of the total net evaluation area, and the fifth grade area is the smallest, accounting for 13.54%. From the number of administrative villages, with the decrease of the administrative villages, the administrative villages at the first level are the largest, accounting for 33. 27% of the total number of administrative villages, the administrative villages of the five levels are the fewest, only 26, and the specific gravity is only 4.91%. (5) From the three aspects of village development, organization management and financing, we summarize our country's rural residential area arrangement mode. Based on the results of regional evaluation, combined with the actual situation of Yangyang County, the paper divides the arrangement mode of rural residential area into five types: urbanization development model, reconstruction development model, internal excavation potential model, relocation village, point mode and whole migration mode. Among them, the urbanization development mode is mainly the administrative village near the county or town, involving 92 administrative villages in 18 towns; The overall migration pattern is basically aimed at the relatively remote or mountainous areas with poor location, total 61.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F301.3;F323.22
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