氣候變化背景下膠州灣地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的脆弱性研究
[Abstract]:China's climate change is complex and diverse, with both the temporal and spatial consistency of large scale, the heterogeneity of different time periods or regions, and the increasing trend of extreme weather events, which is strongly influencing the social and economic aspects of coastal zone. Coastal zone has become one of the hot spots of global climate change. China is a big agricultural country. Under the background of global warming and extreme events, it is not only the scientific basis for realizing the sustainable development of social economy in coastal zone, but also the effect on climate change in coastal zone. Action on climate change adaptation responses and initiatives. Jiaozhou Bay is a typical representative of the northern coast of China, and is the most marine climate in middle latitude coastal zone. Since the reform and opening-up, the coastal areas of Jiaozhou Bay have developed rapidly, but the region's" Agriculture, Countryside and Countryside "The specific gravity is still relatively large, climate change and extreme weather events, especially drought become one of the important challenges and threats to the agricultural ecosystem in Jiaozhou Bay area. The research chooses the agricultural ecosystem in Jiaozhou Bay as the research object, considering the interaction of human society and natural ecological environment, and from the three aspects of the exposure degree, sensitivity and adaptability of agricultural ecosystem in Jiaozhou Bay area to climate change. The paper constructs the index system of vulnerability of agricultural ecosystem in Jiaozhou Bay region to climate change, comprehensively evaluates the vulnerability of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay, and recognizes the spatial and temporal change of climate vulnerability of agricultural ecosystem in coastal zone. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on agricultural production in coastal zone, practical adaptation measures are developed to guarantee the healthy development of social and economic development in coastal zone. In this study, we selected 14 indicators related to climate, agricultural production, economy, society and population in Jiaozhou Bay, and established an index system for evaluating the vulnerability of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay. The future social, economic, demographic and cultivated land change scenarios of the region are constructed, and the future climate change prediction of the region is estimated by combining the regional climate model, and the basic data dimensionless classification processing is carried out by using the natural segmentation method in the Arc-GIS. In the last 30 years (1981 ~ 2010) and the next 30 years (2021 ~ 2050), the climate vulnerability of the agricultural ecosystem in Jiaozhou Bay was evaluated by using the weighted comprehensive evaluation method. The spatial distribution and its characteristics of the vulnerability of agricultural ecosystems to climate change in the past and in the future are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The degree of exposure of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay area in the last 30 years is generally high in the middle part of the space distribution, and the exposure degree of two sides is low; the highest sensitivity is Pingdu City, and the lowest sensitivity is the downtown of Qingdao; The most adaptive is Qingdao, while the adaptability of the city is the worst. In the past 30 years, the vulnerability of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay area is generally northwest high in spatial distribution and low in southeast coastal area. The high value area of vulnerability lies in the north-west boundary of Pingdu City, and the low-value area is located at the southwest end of Jiaozhou District, Huangdao District and Shibei District of Qingdao, namely, the east end of Mo. (2) The exposure of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay area in the future gradually decreases in the east (3) north to southwest in the spatial distribution, and the high value center of exposure is located in Pingdu City, Laxi city and low value center; The sensitivity of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay area is generally low and sensitive to climate change, which is located in Pingdu City, and the sensitivity of Qingdao and Jiaozhou District is low. The agricultural ecosystem in Jiaozhou Bay is the most adaptive to climate change. The vulnerability of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay area in the future is generally high in the north-east and low in the southwest. The high value center of vulnerability lies in Leixi City, and the low value area is distributed in Qingdao, the southwest of Jiaozhou District and the northern part of Pingdu City respectively. (4) The exposure of agricultural ecosystems to climate change will be increased in the future in the future, and the spatial distribution of adaptive capacity will change significantly due to the effects of climate change. Among them, the influence of the exposure degree is the spatial distribution of the water thermal comprehensive index, and the main reason for the change of the adaptive capacity is the change of the farmer's net income. The vulnerability of agricultural ecosystems to climate change will be increased in the future, while the vulnerability of agricultural ecosystems to climate change in Pingdu is reduced. (4) To compare the spatial and temporal changes of the vulnerability of agricultural ecosystem to climate change in Jiaozhou Bay, and find that in the future, Leixi City will be the most vulnerable region of Jiaozhou Bay, and it is expected that the government can focus on the agricultural development of Laxi city. Special attention is paid to ensuring the use of irrigation water in the city, improving water utilization efficiency and mitigating the adverse effects of drought on agricultural ecosystems.
【學位授予單位】:安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:S181
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