【摘要】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)海流園區(qū)分布著大面積的鹽堿土壤,在農(nóng)業(yè)上一直得不到充分利用,所以對(duì)其改良勢(shì)在必行。本研究采用田間試驗(yàn)及室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的分析方法,通過(guò)使用有機(jī)肥(0)、復(fù)合肥(F)、改良劑T及生物改良劑E四種物質(zhì)形成的12種改良措施對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古海流園區(qū)的堿化土壤進(jìn)行改良,系統(tǒng)的結(jié)合土壤性質(zhì)及試驗(yàn)作物苜蓿的生長(zhǎng)情況的變化,對(duì)12種改良措施做出效果評(píng)價(jià),篩選找出最佳的改良措施。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)施用改良劑E后,土壤堿化度平均下降3.50%;土壤的全鹽含量與CK相比,也呈現(xiàn)出一定的降低趨勢(shì),全鹽含量平均下降了 0.77g/kg;改良后土壤pH的變化為,0-10cm 土層的pH從9.50降低到8.49,10-20cm 土層中的pH也從原來(lái)的9.49下降到了 8.62,土層20-30cm中的pH也下降了 0.37,所以施用改良劑E對(duì)土壤的改良有很好的效果。(2)從整體上來(lái)看,不同的改良方法有著不同程度的改良效果,按照各處理對(duì)改良效果大小的排序是處理E處理F+E處理O+T+F處理O+E+T+F處理T處理O+E處理E+T處理O+E+F處理F+T+E處理O+E+T處理O+T處理F+TCK。處理E的改良效果最顯著,處理F+T的改良作用比較小。(3)施用改良劑后土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)0-30cm 土層中的含量沒(méi)有太大變化。而處理E和處理F+E對(duì)土壤中微生物碳的影響卻非常明顯,而且相比較于對(duì)照CK,處理E及處理F+E均達(dá)到了極顯著水平。(4)各改良措施不僅對(duì)土壤性質(zhì)有一定的改良效果,對(duì)種植的苜蓿也產(chǎn)生了一定的影響。首先苜蓿的出苗率在不同的改良措施下有了不同幅度的提高。苜蓿的株高在施用改良后也有不同幅度的增加。苜蓿的生物學(xué)產(chǎn)量也會(huì)隨著改良方式的不同發(fā)生不同的變化,與對(duì)照CK比較,處理E對(duì)苜蓿的生物量增產(chǎn)47.899%,處理F+E增產(chǎn)42.84%,處理F+T是相對(duì)于其他處理增產(chǎn)最少,只有6.24%。通過(guò)本試驗(yàn)篩選得出的最佳改良措施是處理E,其在土壤和作物中都起到最佳的作用。
[Abstract]:There is a large area of saline-alkali soil in the current park of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, which has not been fully utilized in agriculture, so it is imperative to improve it. In this study, the alkalized soil of Inner Mongolia Sea current Park was improved by 12 kinds of improvement measures, which were formed by organic fertilizer (0), compound fertilizer (F), modifier T and biological modifier E, by combining field experiment and laboratory experiment. Based on the changes of soil properties and the growth of alfalfa, the effects of 12 kinds of improvement measures were evaluated, and the best improvement measures were found out. The main results are as follows: (1) after the application of modifier E, the alkalinity of the soil decreased by 3.50 and the total salt content of the soil also showed a decreasing trend compared with that of CK. The average content of total salt decreased by 0.77 g / kg, and the change of pH in improved soil layer was that the pH of 0-10cm soil layer decreased from 9.50 to 8.49 ~ (10 ~ 20) cm soil layer, and the content of pH in soil layer was decreased from 9.49 to 8.62, and the pH content in soil layer was also decreased by 0.37. Soil improvement has a good effect. (2) from the overall point of view, Different methods of improvement have different degrees of improvement effect, According to the order of improvement effect of each treatment, treatment E, F, E, O T F, O E T F, O, E, T, E, E The improvement effect of treatment E was the most obvious, and that of treatment F T was relatively small. (3) the content of soil organic matter in 0-30cm soil layer did not change much after the application of modifier. However, the effect of treatment E and F E on soil microbial carbon was very obvious, and compared with control CK, treatment E and treatment F E, the effect of treatment E and F E on soil microbial carbon was very significant. (4) the improvement measures not only improved soil properties, but also improved soil properties. Alfalfa also has a certain impact on the planting of alfalfa. First of all, the emergence rate of alfalfa increased by different extent under different improvement measures. The plant height of alfalfa also increased by different extent after application. The biological yield of alfalfa also changed with the improvement way. Compared with control CK, treatment E increased alfalfa biomass 47.89999, treatment F E increased 42.84g, and treatment F T increased the yield by 6.24g compared with other treatments. The best way to improve the soil and crops is the treatment of E-, which plays the best role in both soil and crops.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S156.4;S541

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