發(fā)布時間：2018-10-12 12:35

【摘要】：通過對哈爾濱雙城區(qū)稻花香施用微生物菌劑與不施用微生物菌劑做比較、單施一種微生物菌劑與兩種微生物菌劑配施做比較,研究了微生物菌劑對水稻土土壤微生物數(shù)量、酶活性、生物量及速效養(yǎng)分的影響。主要結論如下:(1)雙微肥和土壤磷素活化劑都能夠增加土壤細菌數(shù)量,且兩種肥料配施產(chǎn)生協(xié)同作用,使得土壤細菌數(shù)量在A3P2處理下達到最大值。雙微肥減少了土壤真菌的數(shù)量,而土壤磷素活化劑卻能夠增加土壤真菌數(shù)量,土壤真菌數(shù)量的最大值出現(xiàn)在P2處理。雙微肥對增加土壤放線菌數(shù)量效果顯著,土壤磷素活化劑也能夠增加放線菌數(shù)量。兩種微生物菌劑配施后能夠協(xié)同促進土壤放線菌數(shù)量的增加,A3P2處理下土壤放線菌最多。(2)施用微生物肥后,除成熟期外,土壤脲酶活性在A3處理達到最強。土壤磷素活化劑同樣能夠增強土壤脲酶活性,但效果沒有雙微肥顯著。兩種微生物菌劑都能夠增強土壤蔗糖酶活性,最佳施肥處理分別為A1和P1,且土壤磷素活化劑對蔗糖酶的影響較大。兩種肥料配施產(chǎn)生協(xié)同作用,最適施肥量是A3P2處理;三種施肥方式在分蘗盛期、抽穗初期和抽穗末期對土壤酸性磷酸酶活性影響均不大,但到了成熟期,施肥量與土壤酸性磷酸酶活性強度呈正相關。且土壤磷素活化劑對其影響最大,兩種微生物菌劑配施其次。(3)兩種微生物菌劑均能提高生物量C,雙微肥在成熟期效果最為顯著,在A3處理下達到最大值。而土壤磷素活化劑在抽穗末期和成熟期生物量C提高較多,在P2處理下達到最大值,且雙微肥的效果比磷素活化劑明顯。生物量C的最大值出現(xiàn)在A3P1處理。兩種微生物菌劑都能提高生物量N,最佳施肥處理分別為A3和P2。且與雙微肥相較,土壤磷素活化劑效果較為明顯。兩種微生物菌劑配施產(chǎn)生協(xié)同作用,對生物量N的提高有很大作用,且在A3P2處理下生物量N提高最多。(4)雙微肥能夠提高土壤堿解氮含量,土壤堿解氮含量在抽穗初期最大值出現(xiàn)在A3處理上,其他三個時期含量在A2處理下達到最大值。施用土壤磷素活化劑后,分蘗盛期和抽穗初期在P1處理下土壤堿解氮含量提高最多,在抽穗末期及成熟期時,P1、P2處理下土壤堿解氮含量均有所提高。兩種肥料配施后產(chǎn)生協(xié)同作用;施用雙微肥后除抽穗末期外,其余三個時期在A1處理下土壤速效磷含量最高,抽穗末期在的最優(yōu)施肥量為A2處理,土壤磷素活化劑的最優(yōu)施入量為P1處理。兩種微生物菌劑配施能夠更大程度上提高土壤速效磷含量;雙微肥的施入能夠顯著提高土壤速效鉀含量,最適施肥量為A1處理。土壤磷素活化劑不能提高土壤速效鉀含量。兩種肥料配施的處理土壤速效鉀含量比單施雙微肥的處理含量低;
[Abstract]:The amount of microorganism in paddy soil was studied by comparing the application of microbial bacteria with that of non-microorganism in Shuangcheng area of Harbin, and the combination of only one microorganism and two microbiological agents. Effects of enzyme activity, biomass and available nutrients. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) double microfertilizer and soil phosphorus activator can increase the number of soil bacteria, and the synergistic effect between the two fertilizers can make the number of soil bacteria reach the maximum in A3P2 treatment. Double microelement fertilizer reduced the number of soil fungi, while soil phosphorus activator increased the number of soil fungi, and the maximum number of soil fungi appeared in P2 treatment. The effect of double microelement fertilizer on increasing soil actinomycetes was significant, and soil phosphorus activator could also increase the number of actinomycetes. The combination of two microbial agents could promote the increase of soil actinomycetes, and the soil actinomycetes increased most under A3P2 treatment. (2) after applying microbial fertilizer, the soil urease activity reached the highest in A3 treatment. Soil phosphorus activator also enhanced soil urease activity, but the effect was not significant. The soil sucrose enzyme activity was enhanced by two kinds of microbial bacteria agents. The optimum fertilization treatments were A1 and P1, respectively, and the soil phosphorus activator had a great effect on the sucrase activity. The optimum fertilization rate was A3P2 treatment, and the three fertilization methods had little effect on soil acid phosphatase activity at the peak tillering stage, early heading stage and late heading stage, but at the mature stage. There was a positive correlation between the amount of fertilizer and the activity of acid phosphatase in soil. Soil phosphorus activator had the greatest effect on it. (3) both microorganism bacteria agents could increase the biomass of C, and the effect of double microelement fertilizer was the most significant in maturing stage, and reached the maximum value in A3 treatment. The biomass C of soil phosphorus activator increased more at the end of heading and ripening, and reached the maximum in P2 treatment, and the effect of double microelement fertilizer was more obvious than that of phosphorus activator. The maximum biomass C appeared in A3P1 treatment. Both microbial agents could increase biomass N, and the optimum fertilization treatments were A3 and P2respectively. Compared with double microelement fertilizer, the effect of soil phosphorus activator is obvious. The synergistic effect of the two microbial agents on the increase of biomass N was significant, and the biomass N increased most under A3P2 treatment. (4) double microelement fertilizer could increase the content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content appeared in A3 treatment at the early heading stage, and reached the maximum in A2 treatment in the other three periods. After application of soil phosphorus activator, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content increased most in tillering peak stage and early heading stage under P1 treatment, and increased under P1P 2 treatment at late heading stage and ripening stage. In addition to the late heading stage, the soil available phosphorus content was the highest in A1 treatment, and the optimum fertilization amount at the late heading stage was A2. The optimum application amount of soil phosphorus activator was P1 treatment. Combined application of two microbial bacteria agents could increase the content of available phosphorus in soil to a greater extent, and the application of double microelement fertilizer could significantly increase the content of available potassium in soil, and the optimum fertilization rate was A1 treatment. Soil phosphorus activator can not increase soil available potassium content. The content of available potassium in soil treated with two kinds of fertilizers combined with two kinds of fertilizer was lower than that with single application of double micro-fertilizer.
【學位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S154;S144

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