風(fēng)化煤腐植酸的活化及其對黑麥草生長的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-12 09:50
【摘要】：腐植酸(Humic Acid,簡稱HA)分為礦質(zhì)源腐植酸和生物源腐植酸,本試驗(yàn)研究的腐植酸來源于礦質(zhì)源腐植酸。風(fēng)化煤中的腐植酸分子量巨大,溶解性差,活性官能團(tuán)少,發(fā)揮的作用小,因此,為提高腐植酸的活性,本文探索比較了幾種風(fēng)化煤腐植酸的最佳活化工藝技術(shù),對活化產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了分析評價(jià),以及對腐植酸在農(nóng)業(yè)上的作用進(jìn)行了探討,包括腐植酸對果園土壤微生物的影響以及對黑麥草生長的影響、腐植酸對土壤磷肥有效性的影響及其對鹽堿土的改良作用。為今后風(fēng)化煤腐植酸的活化工藝和大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)與應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.采用氫氧化鉀活化為活化劑,在滾筒球磨機(jī)中對風(fēng)化煤進(jìn)行固態(tài)活化,制備活性腐植酸,篩選出的最佳工藝條件為:氫氧化鉀占風(fēng)化煤質(zhì)量的10%,轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)速率為50r/min,研磨時(shí)間為60min。該條件下生產(chǎn)的腐植酸水溶性為31.4%,pH為7.52,電導(dǎo)率為865μS/cm,水溶性比未活化處理的水溶性高出174.7%。2.腐植酸可以改善土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu),盆栽試驗(yàn)中,2500g果園土中加入50g腐植酸,培養(yǎng)95天的土壤放線菌數(shù)目較大,達(dá)到3.5627萬個(gè)/g soil,而CK只有0.4502萬個(gè)/g soil。3.腐植酸可明顯提高黑麥草的生理活性,其中,可溶富里酸顯著提高黑麥草的SOD、硝酸還原酶活性。但是,風(fēng)化煤腐植酸顯著提高黑麥草的根系活力、增強(qiáng)根系的生長,并且,風(fēng)化煤腐植酸為土壤充足的碳庫資源,保證黑麥草的持續(xù)快速生長,HS5處理的黑麥草生長51天累計(jì)生物量比CK高145g。4.磷酸一銨與經(jīng)活化的風(fēng)化煤和未活化風(fēng)化煤分別按照1:0,1:0.1,1:1和1:5四種不同比例加入理化性質(zhì)相同的等量褐土中,在相對土壤含水量為50%、75%和100%三種不同處理?xiàng)l件下,室溫靜置培養(yǎng),定期測定土壤中有效磷的含量的變化。結(jié)果表明,磷肥施入土壤后,在培養(yǎng)第7—14天就出現(xiàn)被土壤明顯固定的現(xiàn)象,從而使土壤有效磷含量迅速降低,相對含水量50%、75%、100%的土壤樣品其有效磷含量降低百分?jǐn)?shù)依次為30%、21%和13%。加入活化風(fēng)化煤比未加入能相對提高土壤有效磷5%—13%。在加入活化風(fēng)化煤的處理組中,又以P2O5:AHA(活化風(fēng)化煤)為1:5處理的土壤有效磷含量最高,P2O5:AHA為1:1次之。5.在改良中高度鹽堿土的試驗(yàn)中,隨著腐植酸的不斷增加,土壤全鹽降低顯著,2500g鹽堿土中加入400g腐植酸的土壤全鹽降低量最大,比CK降低了23.5%。但是,不同腐植酸量的加入,鹽堿土的pH值差異性不顯著。6.腐植酸對土壤鹽基離子具有吸附特性,全鹽降低量與加入的腐植酸之間為多項(xiàng)式(P)正相關(guān)并達(dá)極顯著水平,相關(guān)方程式為y=-4×10-6x 2+0.0032x+0.1596,式中y為全鹽降低量(g/kg),x為腐植酸用量(g/pot),即在本試驗(yàn)腐植酸用量范圍內(nèi),東營鹽堿土的全鹽降低程度隨著腐植酸量的增加而呈降低趨勢。
[Abstract]:Humic acid (Humic Acid,) is divided into mineral source humic acid and biological source humic acid. The humic acid in this study is derived from mineral source humic acid. The molecular weight of humic acid in weathered coal is huge, the solubility is poor, the active functional group is few, and the function is small. Therefore, in order to improve the activity of humic acid, the best activation technology of humic acid in weathered coal has been explored and compared in this paper. The effects of humic acid on agriculture, including the effect of humic acid on soil microorganism in orchard and the growth of ryegrass, were analyzed and evaluated. The effect of humic acid on the availability of soil phosphate fertilizer and its improvement on saline-alkali soil. It provides theoretical basis for the activation process, mass production and application of weathered coal humic acid in the future. The main results are as follows: 1. The active humic acid was prepared by solid activation of weathered coal in a roller ball mill using potassium hydroxide as activator. The optimum technological conditions were as follows: potassium hydroxide accounted for 10% of the mass of weathered coal, the rotation rate was 50 r / min, and the grinding time was 60 min. The water solubility of the humic acid produced under this condition is 31.4wt. The pH is 7.52, the conductivity is 865 渭 S / cm. The water solubility of the humic acid is 174.70.2. higher than that of the unactivated treatment. Humic acid can improve the soil microbial community structure. In pot experiment, 50g humic acid was added to the soil of 2500g orchard soil, and the soil actinomycetes was larger after 95 days of culture, reaching 35.62700000 / g soil, and CK only 0.4502000 / g soil.3.. Humic acid could obviously increase the physiological activity of ryegrass, and soluble fulvic acid could significantly increase the activity of SOD, nitrate reductase in ryegrass. However, weathered coal humic acid significantly increased the root activity and root growth of ryegrass, and weathered coal humic acid was a sufficient carbon pool for soil. The accumulative biomass of ryegrass treated with HS5 for 51 days was 145g. 4 higher than that of CK. Ammonium phosphate, activated weathered coal and unactivated weathered coal were added to the same amount of cinnamon soil with the same physical and chemical properties according to four different proportions of 1: 0: 1: 1: 1: 1 and 1:5, respectively. Under three different treatment conditions, the relative soil moisture content was 500.75% and 100%, respectively, and cultured at room temperature. The content of available phosphorus in soil was determined regularly. The results showed that the phosphorus fertilizer applied to the soil resulted in the obvious fixation by the soil on the 7th to 14th day of culture, which resulted in the rapid decrease of the available phosphorus content in the soil. The relative water content (RWC) of 100% soil samples decreased by 30% and 13%, respectively. The addition of activated weathered coal can increase the available phosphorus 5-13 in the soil. In the treatment group with activated weathered coal, the content of available phosphorus in the soil treated with P2O5:AHA (activated weathered coal) at 1:5 was the highest, followed by P2O5:AHA at 1:1. With the increasing of humic acid, the total salt of the soil decreased significantly, and the total salt of the soil with 400g humic acid in 2500g saline-alkali soil decreased the most, which was lower than that of CK (23.5g). However, with the addition of humic acid, the difference of pH value of saline-alkali soil was not significant. 6. 6. Humic acid adsorbed the base ions of soil, and the total salt reduction was positively correlated with the humic acid added into the soil, and it reached a significant level at the polynomial (P) level. The correlation equation is yang-4 脳 10-6 x 2 0.0032x 0.1596, in which y is the total salt reduction (g/kg), x is g/pot), that is, in the range of humic acid used in this experiment, the total salt reduction of Dongying saline-alkali soil tends to decrease with the increase of humic acid content.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S141;S543.6
本文編號：2265678
[Abstract]:Humic acid (Humic Acid,) is divided into mineral source humic acid and biological source humic acid. The humic acid in this study is derived from mineral source humic acid. The molecular weight of humic acid in weathered coal is huge, the solubility is poor, the active functional group is few, and the function is small. Therefore, in order to improve the activity of humic acid, the best activation technology of humic acid in weathered coal has been explored and compared in this paper. The effects of humic acid on agriculture, including the effect of humic acid on soil microorganism in orchard and the growth of ryegrass, were analyzed and evaluated. The effect of humic acid on the availability of soil phosphate fertilizer and its improvement on saline-alkali soil. It provides theoretical basis for the activation process, mass production and application of weathered coal humic acid in the future. The main results are as follows: 1. The active humic acid was prepared by solid activation of weathered coal in a roller ball mill using potassium hydroxide as activator. The optimum technological conditions were as follows: potassium hydroxide accounted for 10% of the mass of weathered coal, the rotation rate was 50 r / min, and the grinding time was 60 min. The water solubility of the humic acid produced under this condition is 31.4wt. The pH is 7.52, the conductivity is 865 渭 S / cm. The water solubility of the humic acid is 174.70.2. higher than that of the unactivated treatment. Humic acid can improve the soil microbial community structure. In pot experiment, 50g humic acid was added to the soil of 2500g orchard soil, and the soil actinomycetes was larger after 95 days of culture, reaching 35.62700000 / g soil, and CK only 0.4502000 / g soil.3.. Humic acid could obviously increase the physiological activity of ryegrass, and soluble fulvic acid could significantly increase the activity of SOD, nitrate reductase in ryegrass. However, weathered coal humic acid significantly increased the root activity and root growth of ryegrass, and weathered coal humic acid was a sufficient carbon pool for soil. The accumulative biomass of ryegrass treated with HS5 for 51 days was 145g. 4 higher than that of CK. Ammonium phosphate, activated weathered coal and unactivated weathered coal were added to the same amount of cinnamon soil with the same physical and chemical properties according to four different proportions of 1: 0: 1: 1: 1: 1 and 1:5, respectively. Under three different treatment conditions, the relative soil moisture content was 500.75% and 100%, respectively, and cultured at room temperature. The content of available phosphorus in soil was determined regularly. The results showed that the phosphorus fertilizer applied to the soil resulted in the obvious fixation by the soil on the 7th to 14th day of culture, which resulted in the rapid decrease of the available phosphorus content in the soil. The relative water content (RWC) of 100% soil samples decreased by 30% and 13%, respectively. The addition of activated weathered coal can increase the available phosphorus 5-13 in the soil. In the treatment group with activated weathered coal, the content of available phosphorus in the soil treated with P2O5:AHA (activated weathered coal) at 1:5 was the highest, followed by P2O5:AHA at 1:1. With the increasing of humic acid, the total salt of the soil decreased significantly, and the total salt of the soil with 400g humic acid in 2500g saline-alkali soil decreased the most, which was lower than that of CK (23.5g). However, with the addition of humic acid, the difference of pH value of saline-alkali soil was not significant. 6. 6. Humic acid adsorbed the base ions of soil, and the total salt reduction was positively correlated with the humic acid added into the soil, and it reached a significant level at the polynomial (P) level. The correlation equation is yang-4 脳 10-6 x 2 0.0032x 0.1596, in which y is the total salt reduction (g/kg), x is g/pot), that is, in the range of humic acid used in this experiment, the total salt reduction of Dongying saline-alkali soil tends to decrease with the increase of humic acid content.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S141;S543.6
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