【摘要】：為明確沿海灘涂上增施氮肥對馬齒莧生長發(fā)育及土壤微生物環(huán)境的影響,通過田間小區(qū)試驗研究了5個氮肥水平(CK;N1:100 kg/hm~2;N2:150 kg/hm~2;N3:200 kg/hm~2;N4:250 kg/hm~2)對馬齒莧生長發(fā)育、土壤養(yǎng)分及土壤微生物特性的影響。結果表明:增施氮肥能顯著改善馬齒莧生長發(fā)育,提高其生物產量,其中N3、N4達顯著水平,鮮質量分別比對照增加19.3%、18.9%;增施氮肥后,土壤鹽分呈現(xiàn)逐漸下降的趨勢,土壤各養(yǎng)分指標呈現(xiàn)上升的趨勢。N3水平下,土壤鹽分僅為對照的88.6%,土壤全氮含量、有機質含量分別比對照增加21.5%、16.9%;在沿海灘涂上施用氮肥,土壤微生物群落物種豐富度指數(shù)、均勻度指數(shù)均高于CK處理,且施氮量越大,指數(shù)值越大,N3、N4水平達顯著差異。氮肥用量越大,優(yōu)勢度指數(shù)越小。由此可見,在沿海灘涂上增施氮肥,可顯著改善馬齒莧的生長發(fā)育,促進其生長;增施氮肥能夠增加土壤養(yǎng)分,降低土壤鹽分,提高土壤微生物多樣性,增加土壤微生物活性,起到改善土壤生態(tài)環(huán)境的效果,且以N3和N4效果最佳。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea and the soil microbial environment, five nitrogen levels (CK;N1:100 kg/hm~2;N2:150 kg/hm~2;N3:200 kg/hm~2;N4:250 kg/hm~2) were used to study the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea L. Effects of soil nutrients and soil microbial characteristics. The results showed that the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea were significantly improved and its biological yield was increased by adding nitrogen fertilizer, in which N _ 3N _ 4 reached a significant level, and the fresh mass increased by 19.3g / 18.9 than that of the control, and the salt content of the soil decreased gradually after the application of nitrogen fertilizer. Under N _ 3 level, the soil salinity was only 88.6 of the control, the total nitrogen content and organic matter content of the soil were increased by 21.5% 16.9, and the species richness index of the soil microbial community was increased by applying nitrogen fertilizer on the coastal beach. The evenness index was higher than that of CK treatment, and the higher the amount of nitrogen application, the greater the index value, and the difference of N3 + N4 level was significant. The larger the application of nitrogen fertilizer, the smaller the dominance index. It can be seen that the application of nitrogen fertilizer on coastal beach can significantly improve the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea, increase nitrogen fertilizer can increase soil nutrients, reduce soil salinity, improve soil microbial diversity and increase soil microbial activity. The soil ecological environment was improved, and N 3 and N 4 were the best.
【作者單位】： 江蘇沿海地區(qū)農業(yè)科學研究所;
【基金】：江蘇省農業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金[編號:CX(14)2046]
【分類號】：S154.3;S647

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