混合堿性鹽對甜菜苗期根系及根際土壤酶和微生物的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-10 14:04
【摘要】：甜菜(Beta vulgaris L.)是主要的糖料作物和能源作物,具有極強(qiáng)的耐鹽堿性,研究甜菜在混合堿性鹽(Na_2CO_3~+Na HCO_3)條件下根系及其根際微生態(tài)變化,對進(jìn)一步研究甜菜的根際效應(yīng)奠定基礎(chǔ),對鹽堿地的開發(fā)利用具有重要意義。本試驗(yàn)以甜菜品種KWS0143和Beta464為材料,在盆栽條件下,將堿性鹽Na HCO_3和Na_2CO_3按摩爾比為2:1混合,按施入土壤的混合堿性鹽質(zhì)量設(shè)置4個處理,分別是0、5、7和9 g/kg(A0、A2、A3和A4),處理后的土壤EC值分別為127.67、559.33、782.67、981.67,p H值分別為7.20、9.18、9.40、9.56,在該條件下對根系鮮重、干重、根系活力、根系形態(tài),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化物酶(POD)、過氧化氫酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量,根系內(nèi)源激素含量的進(jìn)行分析,并檢測根系分泌物種類及含量的變化、根際微生物群落和數(shù)量,土壤酶活性的變化。研究結(jié)果如下:1.隨著處理濃度的增加,甜菜幼苗出苗率下降,6月2日(1對真葉)時根系干重、鮮重和根系形態(tài)指標(biāo)(長度、表面積、體積)均降低,而根系活力升高;6月16和30日(2、3對真葉)時根系干重、鮮重、根系活力和根系形態(tài)指標(biāo)(長度、表面積、體積)呈先增加后減少的趨勢,在A3處理下顯著高于對照(P0.05),A4處理下顯著低于對照(P0.05);而且KWS0143各指標(biāo)高于Beta464。隨著取樣時間的延長,甜菜幼苗根系干重、鮮重、根系活力和根系形態(tài)指標(biāo)(長度、表面積、體積)均呈上升趨勢。干重、根活力和根長度、表面積、體積之間存在顯著或極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。2.隨著處理濃度的增大,甜菜根系MDA含量增加,而保護(hù)酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性則表現(xiàn)為先升高后降低。6月2日(1對真葉)時IAA、BR和ABA含量隨處理濃度增大而增多,ZR減少,對應(yīng)的比值變化為IAA/ABA減小、BR/ABA增大和ZR/ABA降低。6月30日(3對真葉)時內(nèi)源激素(IAA、ZR、BR、ABA)含量和比值變化與保護(hù)酶一致,均為先上升后下降,A3處理的活性最高,A4時活性最低,與A0差異顯著。隨處理時間的延長,甜菜根系保護(hù)酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性和MDA含量均升高,內(nèi)源激素中BR升高,IAA、ZR、ABA均先升后降,而對應(yīng)的比值BR/ABA升高,IAA/ABA和ZR/ABA則降低。相關(guān)分析表明,保護(hù)酶(SOD、POD、CAT)與激素之間變化存在正相關(guān)關(guān)系,與IAA、ZR、BR達(dá)顯著或極顯著正相關(guān)。3.甜菜苗期根系分泌物被檢測出共含有83種物質(zhì),其中包括烷烴、烯烴、酯類、醇類、酮、酚類、醛、酸、吡啶、噻唑、胺類、萘等,種類最多的是酯類和烷烴類。6月2日(1對真葉)時根系分泌物種類比30日(3對真葉)多46種,包括烷烴類(十四烷、十五烷、十七烷等)、酚類(2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基對甲苯酚等)和酯類(鄰苯二甲酸丁基酯1-甲基壬基酯、鄰苯二甲酸丁基酯2-乙基己基酯、鄰苯二甲酸二異丙酯等)。兩個取樣時期檢測出根系分泌物種類均為A3最多、A4最少;且品種KWS0143的分泌物種類比品種Beta464豐富。4.不同處理的土壤脲酶、堿性磷酸酶、過氧化氫酶活性和微生物總量均是A3最高,均存在顯著差異;隨著時間的延長,脲酶先升后降、堿性磷酸酶上升、過氧化氫酶先降后升。根際土壤微生物數(shù)量表現(xiàn)為:細(xì)菌放線菌真菌。在30日(3對真葉)時細(xì)菌數(shù)量A3A2A0A4、真菌A3 A2A0A4和放線菌A0A3A2A4,差異性顯著;KWS0143的根際脲酶、堿性磷酸酶、過氧化氫酶活性及細(xì)菌和放線菌數(shù)量高于Beta464,真菌數(shù)量則為KB。相關(guān)分析表明,脲酶活性同細(xì)菌數(shù)量和微生物總量呈顯著正相關(guān),過氧化氫酶活性與放線菌數(shù)量呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Beta vulgaris L. (Beta vulgaris L.) is the main sugar crop and energy crop, has extremely strong salt tolerance, and studies the root system and its root microecological changes under the condition of mixed alkaline salt (Na _ 2CO _ 3 ~ + Na HCO _ 3). It is of great significance for the development and utilization of saline-alkali soil. Using sugar beet variety KWS0143 and Beta464 as material, the basic salt Na HCO _ 3 and Na _ 2CO _ 3 were mixed at a molar ratio of 2: 1 under pot conditions, 4 treatments were set according to the mixed basic salt mass applied to the soil, 0, 5, 7 and 9 g/ kg (A0, A2, A3 and A4), respectively. The EC values of the treated soil were 127. 67, 559. 33, 782. 67, 981. 67, and the values of p H were 7. 20, 9. 18, 9. 40, 9. 56, respectively. Under the condition, the fresh weight, dry weight, root activity, root morphology, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activity and MDA content of root system were determined. The content of endogenous hormones in root system was analyzed, and the changes of the species and contents of root exudates, the community and quantity of roots and the activity of soil enzymes were detected. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The root dry weight, fresh weight and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of root system were all decreased with the increase of treatment concentration, and the dry weight and fresh weight of root system were increased on June 16 and 30 (2, 3 on true leaf). Root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) showed a tendency to decrease first, which was significantly higher than that of control (P0.05) under A3 treatment, and the indexes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464. With the extension of sampling time, the root dry weight, fresh weight, root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of sugarbeet seedlings were increasing. there was a significant or significant positive correlation between dry weight, root activity and root length, surface area, volume. The content of MDA in the root of sugarbeet increased with the increase of treatment concentration, while the activity of protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) increased first, and the content of IAA, BR and ABA increased with the increase of treatment concentration on June 2 (1 to true leaf), ZR decreased and the corresponding ratio changed to IAA/ ABA decrease. The changes of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) and the ratio of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) were consistent with the protective enzymes on 30 June (3 pairs of true leaves). With the prolongation of treatment time, the activity and MDA content of root-protecting enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) of sugarbeet increased, and the content of BR in endogenous hormones increased, IAA, ZR and ABA decreased first, and the corresponding ratio of BR/ ABA increased, IAA/ ABA and ZR/ ABA decreased. Correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) and hormone, and was positively correlated with IAA, ZR and BR. The root exudates of beet seedling stage are detected to contain 83 kinds of substances, including alkanes, olefins, esters, alcohols, ketones, phenols, aldehydes, acids, ketones, ketones, amines, esters, etc., Most of the species are esters and alkanes. There are 46 species, including alkanes (tetradecane, pentadecane, adecane, etc.), phenols (2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol, etc.) and esters (phthalate 1-methylnonyl, phthalate 2-ethylhexyl, phthalate, etc.). The types of root exudates detected in the two sampling periods were A3 and A4, respectively, and the variety KWS0143 had better secretion than the variety Beta464. The total amount of alkaline phosphatase, catalase and microorganism in soils treated with different treatments was A3 highest, and there were significant differences. The number of microbes in the interroot soil showed that the bacteria actinomyces fungus. The number of bacteria A3 A2A0A4, fungi A3 A2A0A4 and actinomyces A03A A2A4 were significant in 30 days (3 pairs of true leaves), and the difference was significant; the number of roots, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and bacteria and actinomycetes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464, and the number of fungi was KB. Correlation analysis showed that the enzyme activity was positively correlated with the number of bacteria and the total amount of microorganisms, and the activity of catalase was positively correlated with the number of actinomycetes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S566.3;S154
本文編號：2262064
[Abstract]:Beta vulgaris L. (Beta vulgaris L.) is the main sugar crop and energy crop, has extremely strong salt tolerance, and studies the root system and its root microecological changes under the condition of mixed alkaline salt (Na _ 2CO _ 3 ~ + Na HCO _ 3). It is of great significance for the development and utilization of saline-alkali soil. Using sugar beet variety KWS0143 and Beta464 as material, the basic salt Na HCO _ 3 and Na _ 2CO _ 3 were mixed at a molar ratio of 2: 1 under pot conditions, 4 treatments were set according to the mixed basic salt mass applied to the soil, 0, 5, 7 and 9 g/ kg (A0, A2, A3 and A4), respectively. The EC values of the treated soil were 127. 67, 559. 33, 782. 67, 981. 67, and the values of p H were 7. 20, 9. 18, 9. 40, 9. 56, respectively. Under the condition, the fresh weight, dry weight, root activity, root morphology, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activity and MDA content of root system were determined. The content of endogenous hormones in root system was analyzed, and the changes of the species and contents of root exudates, the community and quantity of roots and the activity of soil enzymes were detected. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The root dry weight, fresh weight and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of root system were all decreased with the increase of treatment concentration, and the dry weight and fresh weight of root system were increased on June 16 and 30 (2, 3 on true leaf). Root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) showed a tendency to decrease first, which was significantly higher than that of control (P0.05) under A3 treatment, and the indexes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464. With the extension of sampling time, the root dry weight, fresh weight, root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of sugarbeet seedlings were increasing. there was a significant or significant positive correlation between dry weight, root activity and root length, surface area, volume. The content of MDA in the root of sugarbeet increased with the increase of treatment concentration, while the activity of protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) increased first, and the content of IAA, BR and ABA increased with the increase of treatment concentration on June 2 (1 to true leaf), ZR decreased and the corresponding ratio changed to IAA/ ABA decrease. The changes of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) and the ratio of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) were consistent with the protective enzymes on 30 June (3 pairs of true leaves). With the prolongation of treatment time, the activity and MDA content of root-protecting enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) of sugarbeet increased, and the content of BR in endogenous hormones increased, IAA, ZR and ABA decreased first, and the corresponding ratio of BR/ ABA increased, IAA/ ABA and ZR/ ABA decreased. Correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) and hormone, and was positively correlated with IAA, ZR and BR. The root exudates of beet seedling stage are detected to contain 83 kinds of substances, including alkanes, olefins, esters, alcohols, ketones, phenols, aldehydes, acids, ketones, ketones, amines, esters, etc., Most of the species are esters and alkanes. There are 46 species, including alkanes (tetradecane, pentadecane, adecane, etc.), phenols (2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol, etc.) and esters (phthalate 1-methylnonyl, phthalate 2-ethylhexyl, phthalate, etc.). The types of root exudates detected in the two sampling periods were A3 and A4, respectively, and the variety KWS0143 had better secretion than the variety Beta464. The total amount of alkaline phosphatase, catalase and microorganism in soils treated with different treatments was A3 highest, and there were significant differences. The number of microbes in the interroot soil showed that the bacteria actinomyces fungus. The number of bacteria A3 A2A0A4, fungi A3 A2A0A4 and actinomyces A03A A2A4 were significant in 30 days (3 pairs of true leaves), and the difference was significant; the number of roots, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and bacteria and actinomycetes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464, and the number of fungi was KB. Correlation analysis showed that the enzyme activity was positively correlated with the number of bacteria and the total amount of microorganisms, and the activity of catalase was positively correlated with the number of actinomycetes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S566.3;S154
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