【摘要】：為給小麥抗旱栽培提供理論參考,采用盆栽試驗,在小麥抽穗期開始進行連續(xù)12d的干旱脅迫處理,設置中度干旱(MD,土壤相對含水量為40%~45%)、輕度干旱(LD,土壤相對含水量為55%~60%)及適宜含水量對照(WW,土壤相對含水量為75%~80%)3個水平,研究抽穗期干旱脅迫對小麥生理特性和產量形成的影響。結果表明,抽穗期干旱脅迫初期,劍葉抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、過氧化物酶、過氧化氫酶)活性均顯著增加,輕度干旱處理酶活性均上升了30%左右,中度干旱處理3種酶活性均上升了75%左右。隨著脅迫的延長,酶活性開始降低,脅迫程度越重,酶活性降低越快。膜脂過氧化產物丙二醛(MDA)大量積累,積累量隨脅迫程度的加重而增加。干旱脅迫顯著影響小麥產量的形成,輕度干旱脅迫影響了粒重形成,產量下降了21.57%,中度干旱脅迫影響了每穗粒數和粒重的形成,產量下降了40.56%。
[Abstract]:In order to provide theoretical reference for drought resistant cultivation of wheat, pot experiment was used to deal with drought stress for 12 consecutive days at heading stage of wheat. The effects of drought stress at heading stage on physiological characteristics and yield formation of wheat were studied by setting three levels: moderate drought (relative water content of MD, soil was 40%), mild drought level (relative water content of LD, soil was 55%) and control of suitable water content (relative water content of WW, soil was 75%). The results showed that the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase) in flag leaf increased significantly at the early stage of drought stress at heading stage, and increased by about 30% in mild drought treatment. The activities of three enzymes increased by about 75% in moderate drought treatment. With the extension of stress, the enzyme activity began to decrease, and the more serious the stress, the faster the enzyme activity decreased. The membrane lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) (MDA) accumulated a lot and the accumulation increased with the increase of stress. Drought stress significantly affected wheat yield formation, mild drought stress affected grain weight formation, yield decreased 21.57%, moderate drought stress affected grain number per panicle and grain weight formation, yield decreased 40.56%.
【作者單位】： 揚州大學江蘇省作物遺傳生理國家重點實驗室培育點;江蘇省中國科學院植物研究所(南京中山植物園);
【基金】：高等學校博士學科點專項科研基金資助項目(20133250110001) 國家自然科學基金資助項目(31401317)
【分類號】：S423;S512.1

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