【摘要】：通過在鎘污染的土壤中施用不同濃度的土壤調(diào)理劑,研究了土壤調(diào)理劑對土壤中鎘含量、土壤營養(yǎng)成分和理化性狀,以及煙葉鎘含量、農(nóng)藝性狀、煙葉物理特性、化學(xué)品質(zhì)、經(jīng)濟性狀、水稻稻谷鎘含量及水稻產(chǎn)量等方面的影響,主要結(jié)果如下：土壤有效態(tài)鎘含量表現(xiàn)為隨土壤調(diào)理劑施用量的增加而減少,土壤pH隨土壤調(diào)理劑施用量的增加而增加,土壤堿解氮含量、有效磷含量、有機質(zhì)含量、陽離子交換量整體上未發(fā)生顯著變化,土壤速效鉀含量在施用土壤調(diào)理劑后表現(xiàn)為先降低后升高的趨勢,但各處理的速效鉀含量均低于對照。煙葉中鎘的含量隨葉位的上升而降低,與對照相比,所有處理各部位煙葉鎘含量隨土壤調(diào)理劑施用量的增加顯著降低。各處理大田株高、葉長、葉寬、葉片數(shù)等主要農(nóng)藝性狀指標(biāo)均高于對照,且隨著土壤調(diào)理劑施用量的增加,烤煙的株高、葉長、葉寬先升高后降低,但均高于對照,葉片厚度隨土壤調(diào)理劑施用量的增加而增加,說明土壤調(diào)理劑對煙草的生長有較好的促進作用�？竞鬅熑~物理特性表現(xiàn)為各處理各部位煙葉葉長與葉寬稍高于對照,單葉重和葉片厚度明顯高于對照,且隨土壤調(diào)理劑施用量的增加而增加,各處理煙葉含梗率與對照無顯著差異。各處理煙葉化學(xué)成分表現(xiàn)為各部位總糖含量均適宜,且與對照差異不顯著；還原糖含量、煙堿顯著高于對照,且均在適宜范圍之內(nèi)；土壤調(diào)理劑對各處理煙葉淀粉、總氮和氯含量影響較少,且與對照無顯著性差異。烤煙的產(chǎn)值產(chǎn)量、中等煙比例及均價,均以土壤調(diào)理劑施用量為7500kg/hm~2的處理最高,上等煙比例以土壤調(diào)理劑施用量為3750kg/hm~2的處理最高。施用土壤調(diào)理劑能顯著降低輪作水稻稻谷中的鎘含量,且增產(chǎn)效果明顯。
[Abstract]:The effects of different concentrations of soil conditioner on soil cadmium content, soil nutrient composition and physical and chemical properties, as well as cadmium content, agronomic characters, physical characteristics and chemical quality of tobacco leaf were studied by applying different concentrations of soil conditioning agent to cadmium contaminated soil. The main results were as follows: the content of available cadmium in soil decreased with the application of soil conditioning agent, and the soil pH increased with the increase of application rate of soil conditioner. The soil available phosphorus, organic matter and cation exchange capacity did not change significantly, but the soil available potassium content decreased first and then increased after the application of soil conditioner. But the available potassium content of each treatment was lower than that of the control. The content of cadmium in tobacco leaf decreased with the increase of leaf position. Compared with the control, the content of cadmium in all parts of tobacco decreased significantly with the increase of application of soil conditioner. The plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf number and other main agronomic characters of the treatments were higher than that of the control, and the plant height, leaf length and leaf width of flue-cured tobacco were higher than that of the control, but higher than that of the control. The thickness of leaves increased with the increase of the amount of soil conditioner, which indicated that the soil conditioner had a better promoting effect on the growth of tobacco. The physical characteristics of cured tobacco leaves showed that leaf length and leaf width were slightly higher than that of the control, leaf weight and leaf thickness were significantly higher than that of the control, and increased with the increase of the amount of soil conditioner application. There was no significant difference in stem percentage between the treatments and the control. The chemical composition of each treatment showed that the total sugar content of each part was suitable, and there was no significant difference with the control; the content of reducing sugar was significantly higher than that of the control, and the nicotine content was within the suitable range. The contents of total nitrogen and chlorine had little effect, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The yield of flue-cured tobacco, the proportion of medium tobacco and the average price of flue-cured tobacco were the highest when the amount of soil conditioner was 7500kg/hm~2, and the best proportion of flue-cured tobacco was that of soil conditioner with 3750kg/hm~2. The application of soil conditioner can significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice rotation rice, and the effect of increasing yield is obvious.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S572;S156.2

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