【摘要】：柚為常綠果樹,柚子有很高的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值,具有降血糖血脂、減肥美容等功效。金沙柚是井岡蜜柚中最優(yōu)品種,也是該產(chǎn)業(yè)中種植面積最大的品種,但其研究尚不深入,目前也還未見金沙柚水分脅迫后光合特性及生理生化等方面系統(tǒng)研究報(bào)道。本試驗(yàn)擬通過(guò)室內(nèi)模擬驗(yàn),在干旱脅迫條件下,對(duì)金沙柚葉片光合及生理生化指標(biāo)變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行探究,為金沙柚生產(chǎn)中在干旱情況下采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施提供理論依據(jù)。本研究主要得出以下結(jié)論:干旱脅迫處理50天時(shí),利用Li-6400X便攜式光合儀,對(duì)設(shè)置的對(duì)照(CK)、輕度脅迫(LS)、重度脅迫(SS)3個(gè)干旱脅迫處理進(jìn)行了光合作用的測(cè)定。結(jié)果說(shuō)明:與對(duì)照相比,輕度脅迫和重度脅迫處理的金沙柚葉片的葉綠素含量均出現(xiàn)顯著下降,而葉綠素a與葉綠素b之間的比值顯著上升;輕度脅迫處理的凈光合速率(Pn)、胞間CO2濃度(Ci)、氣孔導(dǎo)度(Gs)和表觀光合電子傳遞速率(ETR)、蒸騰速率(Tr)與對(duì)照相比,總體上無(wú)顯著差異。而重度脅迫處理的Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr則出現(xiàn)顯著下降,ETR顯著上升,說(shuō)明此時(shí)的水分條件不利于金沙柚的生長(zhǎng),需要及時(shí)灌溉補(bǔ)水。利用調(diào)制熒光系統(tǒng)IMAGING-PAM熒光儀測(cè)定干旱脅迫處理50天后的葉綠素?zé)晒鈪?shù),本研究結(jié)果表明:與對(duì)照相比,輕度干旱脅迫對(duì)金沙柚的Fv/Fm、qN、qP、ETR影響不明顯,而重度干旱脅迫則出現(xiàn)顯著下降。研究了干旱脅迫20天和50天對(duì)金沙柚葉片抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量等生理指標(biāo)的影響。結(jié)果表明:各處理下生理指標(biāo)均隨著試驗(yàn)時(shí)間推移產(chǎn)生一定程度變化。重度干旱脅迫下,隨著干旱脅迫程度加強(qiáng),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高;過(guò)氧化氫酶(CAT)活性出現(xiàn)降低,降低了葉片含水量,促進(jìn)了MDA、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的合成。輕度脅迫處理各生理指標(biāo)影響總體不顯著。
[Abstract]:Pomelo is evergreen fruit tree, grapefruit has high nutritional value, has the function of lowering blood sugar, blood lipid, losing weight and beauty. Jinsha pomelo is the best variety in Jinggang pomelo and the largest variety in this industry, but its research is not deep, and there are no systematic studies on photosynthesis characteristics, physiology and biochemistry of Jinsha pomelo under water stress. In this experiment, the changes of photosynthetic, physiological and biochemical indexes in leaves of Jinsha pomelo under drought stress were studied, which provided theoretical basis for the measures to be taken in the production of Jinsha pomelo under drought conditions. The main conclusions of this study were as follows: at 50 days of drought stress, the photosynthesis of three drought stress treatments, (SS) under mild (CK), stress and severe (LS), stress, was measured by Li-6400X portable photosynthetic instrument. The results showed that the chlorophyll content in leaves of Jinsha pomelo treated with mild stress and severe stress decreased significantly, but the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b increased significantly. There was no significant difference in net photosynthetic rate (Pn),) CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs) and apparent photosynthetic electron transfer rate (ETR),) transpiration rate (Tr) between light stress and control. However, the Pn,Gs,Ci,Tr of severe stress treatment decreased significantly, indicating that the water condition was not conducive to the growth of Jinsha pomelo, and needed timely irrigation to replenish water. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters after 50 days of drought stress were measured by IMAGING-PAM fluorescence system. The results showed that the effect of mild drought stress on Fv/Fm,qN,qP,ETR of Jinsha pomelo was not obvious compared with the control. However, severe drought stress decreased significantly. The effects of drought stress on antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves of Jinsha pummelo were studied. The results showed that the physiological indexes of each treatment changed to a certain extent with the passage of test time. Under severe drought stress, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with the increase of drought stress, and the activity of catalase (CAT) decreased, which decreased the water content of leaves and promoted the synthesis of MDA, proline, soluble protein and soluble sugar. The effects of light stress on physiological indexes were not significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S666.3;S423

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