【摘要】：于福建省安溪縣桃舟鄉(xiāng),選擇宿根連作20年茶園進行田間試驗。以未施肥(CK)、氮肥(NF)、羊糞(GM)及豆科綠肥(LF)等處理后的茶樹根際土壤作為供試土樣,分析不同肥料對茶樹根際土壤理化特性、微生物代謝活性及其不同類型磷脂脂肪酸含量變化等影響。結(jié)果表明:NF、GM和LF均能夠提高茶園土壤pH值和有機質(zhì)(OM)及速效鉀(AK)等含量,其pH分別提高0.47%、2.36%和2.13%;OM分別提高17.56%、27.48%和54.96%;AK分別提高56.10%、63.41%和73.17%;堿解氮(AN)和速效磷(AP)在NF處理下分別下降了9.10%和335.00%;在GM處理下分別提高了17.06%和2.11倍;在LF處理下分別提高了16.70%和3.88倍;同時,施肥能提高土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶和過氧化物酶等活性,且提高效果由高到底依次為LF、GM、NF;酸性磷酸酶活性(ACP)和微生物對磷素利用率(UTP)在NF處理下分別降低70.04%和249.00%;在GM處理下分別提高了24.74%和1.80倍;在LF處理下分別提高34.28%和2.51倍;與此同時,GM和LF還能夠提高根際土壤微生物群落豐度以及菌群多樣性。綜上所述,豆科綠肥和羊糞能夠有效改善茶園土壤肥力,促進根際微生物對養(yǎng)分的代謝活性,對提升茶園經(jīng)濟效益和生態(tài)效益具有現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:A field experiment was conducted in Taozhou Township, Anxi County, Fujian Province. The soil of tea rhizosphere treated with unfertilized (CK), nitrogen fertilizer (NF), sheep manure (GM) and leguminous green manure (LF) were used as soil samples to analyze the physicochemical properties of different fertilizers on tea rhizosphere soil. The metabolic activity of microorganism and the change of phospholipid fatty acid content were studied. The results showed that pH value, organic matter (OM) and available potassium (AK) contents in tea garden soil could be increased by both pH and LF. Its pH increased by 0.473.36% and 2.1313%, and increased by 17.56% and 54.96%, 63.41% and 73.17.1%, respectively, (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) decreased 9.10% and 335.00% respectively under NF treatment, 17.06% and 2.11 times higher under GM treatment, 16.70% and 3.88 times higher under LF treatment, respectively. At the same time, fertilization could increase the activities of urease, sucrase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase. The results showed that LF,GM,NF; acid phosphatase activity (ACP) and microbial phosphorus utilization ratio (UTP) decreased by 70.04% and 249.00% under NF treatment, 24.74% and 1.80 times under GM treatment, 34.28% and 2.51 times under LF treatment, respectively. At the same time, GM and LF can also improve the abundance and diversity of microbial community in rhizosphere soil. To sum up, legume green manure and sheep dung can effectively improve soil fertility, promote the metabolic activity of rhizosphere microorganisms to nutrients, and have practical significance to enhance the economic and ecological benefits of tea garden.
【作者單位】： 福建省農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)過程與安全監(jiān)控重點實驗室福建農(nóng)林大學生命科學學院;作物生態(tài)與分子生理學福建省高校重點實驗室福建農(nóng)林大學;
【基金】：農(nóng)業(yè)部“948”計劃資助項目(2014-Z36) 國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0200900) 福建省重大農(nóng)技推廣服務試點項目(KNJ-153015)資助
【分類號】：S154.3;S571.1

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