【摘要】：【目的】微生物量碳、氮是土壤中易于利用的養(yǎng)分庫及有機物分解和礦化的動力,與土壤養(yǎng)分循環(huán)密切相關(guān),其變化可反映土壤耕作制度和土壤肥力的變化。本研究旨在揭示長期施肥對貴州黃壤稻田土壤微生物生物量碳(SMBC)和土壤微生物生物量氮(SMBN)的影響,并探討其合理培肥模式�！痉椒ā恳再F州黃壤肥力與肥效長期定位監(jiān)測基地為依托,采用氯仿熏蒸—K2SO4提取法,重點研究不同施肥條件下土壤微生物生物量碳氮的變化及其與全量有機碳氮的關(guān)系。試驗處理包括不施肥(CK)、單施化肥(NPK)、單施有機肥(M)、低量有機無機肥配施(0.5MNPK)和高量有機無機肥配施(MNPK)。【結(jié)果】長期不同施肥處理下,SMBC的變化范圍在423.87~695.04 mg/kg之間,SMBN的變化范圍在44.36~91.65 mg/kg之間。施用化肥(NPK)和施用有機肥及兩者配施(M、0.5MNPK和MNPK)能增加SMBC和SMBN含量,其中MNPK處理較CK處理SMBC含量增幅最高,達64.0%,顯著高于NPK和0.5MNPK處理,但與M處理差異不明顯;M處理較CK處理SMBN含量增幅最高,達106.6%,顯著高于NPK和0.5MNPK處理,但與MNPK處理差異不明顯;長期單施化肥(NPK)僅對SMBN含量有顯著提高作用(44.1%),對SMBC作用不明顯。SOC、TN和微生物熵(q MB)的變化與SMBC一致,均表現(xiàn)為MNPK處理最高,其次為M和0.5MNPK處理,NPK處理最低;所有施肥處理下的SMBC/SMBN無顯著性差異且均低于CK處理。【結(jié)論】土壤微生物碳、氮量和微生物熵的顯著提高均與土壤有機質(zhì)和全氮的含量變化呈正相關(guān),單施有機肥和高量有機無機肥配施是提高土壤微生物生物量的有效途徑。
[Abstract]:[objective] microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen are easy to be used in soil nutrient pool, decomposition and mineralization of organic matter, closely related to soil nutrient cycling, its changes can reflect the change of soil tillage system and soil fertility. The purpose of this study was to reveal the effects of long-term fertilization on microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) in paddy soil of yellow soil in Guizhou Province. Based on the long-term monitoring base of fertility and fertilizer efficiency of yellow soil in Guizhou Province, chloroform fumigation-K _ 2SO _ 4 extraction method was used. The change of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and its relationship with total organic carbon and nitrogen under different fertilization conditions were studied. The results showed that the variation range of (CK), was from 423.87 to 695.04 mg/kg under the combination of low organic inorganic fertilizer (0.5MNPK) and high organic inorganic fertilizer (MNPK).) under the condition of no fertilization, (CK), chemical fertilizer, (NPK), organic fertilizer, and organic inorganic fertilizer. [results] the variation range of SMBN was from 423.87 to 695.04 mg/kg. The range is between 44.36 and 91.65 mg/kg. The contents of SMBC and SMBN were increased by applying chemical fertilizer (NPK) and organic fertilizer (MN 0.5 MNPK and MNPK). The SMBC content of MNPK treatment was the highest than that of CK treatment, which was significantly higher than that of NPK and 0.5MNPK treatments. However, there was no significant difference between M treatment and M treatment, and the increase of SMBN content in M treatment was the highest than that in CK treatment, reaching 106.6, which was significantly higher than that in NPK and 0.5MNPK treatment, but there was no significant difference between M treatment and MNPK treatment. The long-term application of chemical fertilizer (NPK) only increased the content of SMBN significantly (44.1%). The changes of TN and microbial entropy (q MB) on SMBC were the same as that of SMBC, which were the highest in MNPK treatment, followed by M and 0.5MNPK treatments. There was no significant difference in SMBC/SMBN between all fertilization treatments and was lower than that in CK treatment. [conclusion] the significant increase of soil microbial carbon, nitrogen content and microbial entropy was positively correlated with the changes of soil organic matter and total nitrogen content. The combination of organic fertilizer and high amount of organic and inorganic fertilizer is an effective way to improve soil microbial biomass.
【作者單位】： 貴州大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院;貴州大學(xué)煙草學(xué)院/貴州煙草品質(zhì)研究重點實驗室;農(nóng)業(yè)部貴州耕地保育與農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)觀測實驗站;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31360503,41361064) 貴州大學(xué)研究生創(chuàng)新基金(研農(nóng)2017017) 貴州省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院自主創(chuàng)新專項(黔農(nóng)科院自主創(chuàng)新專項2014007號) 貴州省科技計劃項目(黔科合NY字[2012]3082號,黔科平臺[2013]4002號) 貴州省聯(lián)合基金(黔科合LH字[2015]7079號)資助
【分類號】：S154.3

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