【摘要】：添加不同外源氮對土壤中不同形態(tài)氮素的轉(zhuǎn)化具有十分重要的影響。選取長期耕作土壤,設(shè)置對照、添加尿素N 150 kg/hm~2(U150)、添加秸稈(相當于添加N 38 kg/hm~2,Straw)、添加尿素N 150 kg/hm~2+秸稈(相當于添加N188 kg/hm~2,U150+Straw)和添加尿素N 188 kg/hm~2(U188)5個處理進行室內(nèi)培養(yǎng)試驗,研究了添加不同外源氮對土壤銨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮、可溶性有機氮、微生物生物量氮含量的影響。結(jié)果表明,土壤銨態(tài)氮隨著培養(yǎng)時間的延長表現(xiàn)為先增后減的趨勢,添加尿素的兩個處理其土壤銨態(tài)氮較Straw、U150+Straw處理能夠更快地達到峰值;而土壤硝態(tài)氮則表現(xiàn)為逐步增加的趨勢。添加尿素處理能夠顯著提高土壤礦質(zhì)氮的含量,在添加等量氮素的條件下,U188處理礦質(zhì)氮含量在培養(yǎng)期間始終高于U150+Straw處理;此外,U150+Straw處理礦質(zhì)氮含量在培養(yǎng)前期均低于U150處理,至培養(yǎng)30天后其含量略高于U150處理。與對照相比,培養(yǎng)結(jié)束時添加不同外源氮素處理的土壤礦質(zhì)氮含量能夠提高169.61%~496.75%。對于微生物生物量氮和可溶性有機氮而言,添加不同外源氮素分別在培養(yǎng)10天和30天達到峰值,此后逐漸降低。不同處理而言,添加秸稈+尿素、添加秸稈處理的微生物生物量氮和可溶性有機氮含量在培養(yǎng)前期明顯高于僅添加尿素的兩個處理,說明添加有機物料氮源主要有益于提高土壤有機態(tài)的氮素含量。
[Abstract]:The addition of different exogenous nitrogen has a very important effect on the transformation of different forms of nitrogen in soil. Long-term tillage soil was selected and compared. Five treatments, urea N150 kg/hm~2 (U150), straw (equivalent to N38 kg/hm~2,Straw), urea N150 kg/hm~2 straw (equivalent to N188 kg/hm~2,U150 Straw) and urea N188 kg/hm~2 (U188), were added for indoor culture. The effects of different exogenous nitrogen on the contents of soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, soluble organic nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen were studied. The results showed that the soil ammonium nitrogen increased first and then decreased with the increase of culture time, and the soil ammonium nitrogen reached the peak value faster than that of Straw,U150 Straw treatment. Soil nitrate nitrogen showed a gradual increase trend. The addition of urea could significantly increase the content of mineral nitrogen in soil, and the content of mineral nitrogen in U188 treatment was always higher than that in U150 Straw treatment during the culture period, in addition, the content of mineral nitrogen in U150 Straw treatment was lower than that in U150 treatment at the early stage of culture. After 30 days of culture, the content of U150 was slightly higher than that of U150. Compared with the control, the content of mineral nitrogen in the soil treated with different exogenous nitrogen at the end of culture could be increased by 169.61% and 496.75%. For microbial biomass nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen, the addition of different exogenous nitrogen reached its peak value at 10 days and 30 days respectively, and then decreased gradually. When straw urea was added, the microbial biomass nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen content of straw treatment were significantly higher than those of only urea treatment in the early stage of culture. The results showed that the addition of organic nitrogen sources was beneficial to the increase of soil organic nitrogen content.
【作者單位】： 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院/農(nóng)業(yè)部長江中下游耕地保育重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(41301319) 湖北省自然科學(xué)基金項目(2013CFB203) 湖北省耕地保護與質(zhì)量提升補貼項目(鄂土肥2015-8)資助
【分類號】：S153.6

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