【摘要】：采用德國(guó)HSC-OTT Persivel32激光雨滴譜探測(cè)儀監(jiān)測(cè)南小河溝流域自然降雨的雨滴譜,分析不同雨型自然降雨雨滴特征及其分布規(guī)律,并分析了降雨特性各要素間的相互關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:(1)該區(qū)自然降雨雨滴直徑集中在0.3~1.5mm,與黃土高原利用傳統(tǒng)的濾紙色斑法測(cè)定結(jié)果基本一致,但略小于東北和閩南地區(qū)。當(dāng)雨強(qiáng)I10mm/h時(shí),雨滴中數(shù)直徑隨雨強(qiáng)的增大而增大;當(dāng)I≥10mm/h時(shí),雨滴中數(shù)直徑驟然下降,這在一定程度上和雨強(qiáng)增大后大雨滴破裂有關(guān)。該地區(qū)雨譜隨雨強(qiáng)的變化可用Best分布擬合。(2)普通型降雨雨滴數(shù)量隨直徑的分布曲線較平緩,其動(dòng)能與雨強(qiáng)呈線性相關(guān);而短陣型降雨的雨滴數(shù)量隨直徑的分布曲線較陡峭,其動(dòng)能與雨強(qiáng)呈冪函數(shù)關(guān)系。兩種雨型的降雨動(dòng)能均隨雨強(qiáng)的增大而增大,但短陣型降雨動(dòng)能增大的更快,因此短陣型降雨的侵蝕力更大。
[Abstract]:The raindrop spectrum of natural rainfall in Nanxiaogou watershed was monitored by HSC-OTT Persivel32 laser raindrop spectrometer in Germany. The characteristics and distribution of raindrops in different rain patterns were analyzed, and the relationship between the elements of rainfall characteristics was analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) the diameter of raindrops in this area is concentrated at 0.3 ~ 1.5 mm, which is consistent with the traditional filter paper color spot method in the Loess Plateau, but slightly smaller than that in Northeast China and South Fujian. When the rain intensity is I10mm/h, the mean number diameter of the raindrop increases with the increase of the rain intensity, and when I 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2229291