【摘要】：研究白漿土的固碳性能及潛力,對(duì)于揭示白漿土固碳的機(jī)理,豐富白漿土的培肥改良理論具有重要意義,也可為白漿土環(huán)境友好型培肥措施的制定提供理論依據(jù)。本研究以吉林省東部地區(qū)不同有機(jī)質(zhì)含量的耕作白漿土為供試土壤,通過(guò)室內(nèi)模擬培養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)、吸附試驗(yàn),重點(diǎn)研究了白漿土耕層與成土母質(zhì)對(duì)秸稈轉(zhuǎn)化的碳及腐殖質(zhì)碳的吸附固定性能,添加玉米秸稈對(duì)白漿土耕層和母質(zhì)層土壤團(tuán)聚體組成及有機(jī)碳分布的影響。取得的研究成果概要如下。一、供試白漿土耕層的顆粒組成中粘粒含量變化在28.25%-38.37%之間,土壤質(zhì)地為壤粘土;pH范圍在4.56-4.82之間,酸性較強(qiáng);陽(yáng)離子交換量變化在15.38-17.46 cmol/kg之間。與之相比,母質(zhì)層土壤粘粒含量為45.13%,土壤質(zhì)地主要粘土;pH為6.44;陽(yáng)離子交換量為18.88cmol/kg;供試土壤的粘粒礦物組成主要以蒙脫石及伊利石等2:1型及少量1:1型高嶺石等粘粒礦物為主。土壤粘粒的選擇性溶解分析中晶質(zhì)的成分相當(dāng)高。團(tuán)聚體組成以2-0.25 mm和0.25mm為優(yōu)勢(shì)粒級(jí)。上述物質(zhì)組成及理化特性為白漿土的有機(jī)碳固定奠定了豐富物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。二、耕層及母質(zhì)層土壤添加玉米秸稈后,土壤總有機(jī)碳、重組有機(jī)碳含量及重組有機(jī)碳增量均隨秸稈添加量的增加而提高。與耕層相比,母質(zhì)層重組有機(jī)碳增量及增率均大于耕層土壤。隨著原土有機(jī)碳含量的增加,重組有機(jī)碳增率、重組占全土比率及粘粒有機(jī)復(fù)合度(DC)等呈逐漸降低趨勢(shì)。三、土壤中添加玉米秸稈后,團(tuán)聚體的組成發(fā)生了明顯變化。隨秸稈添加量的增加,供試土壤2~1 mm粒徑團(tuán)聚體含量呈逐漸增加的趨勢(shì),1~0.25 mm呈先增加再減少的趨勢(shì),0.25~0.106 mm,0.106 mm粒級(jí)的團(tuán)聚體含量整體趨勢(shì)為逐漸減少。在耕層土壤中,當(dāng)秸稈添加量為5%時(shí),2 mm粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體含量最高。母質(zhì)層土壤中,當(dāng)秸稈添加量為10%時(shí),2 mm粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體含量最高。四、添加玉米秸稈可顯著提高土壤團(tuán)聚體中有機(jī)碳含量。當(dāng)秸稈添加量為10%時(shí),2 mm粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體的有機(jī)碳含量最高。母質(zhì)和高有機(jī)碳耕層土壤在秸稈添加量為10%時(shí)2-1mm粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體的有機(jī)碳含量最高,低、中有機(jī)碳土壤則在隨秸稈添加量的增加2-1mm粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體的有機(jī)碳含量逐漸升高。所有土壤的1~0.25 mm、0.25~0.106 mm、0.106 mm粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體的有機(jī)碳含量均有隨秸稈添加量的增加而升高的趨勢(shì)。五、腐殖酸的吸附試驗(yàn)表明,母質(zhì)和低有機(jī)碳土壤在60min時(shí)吸附達(dá)到平衡,中、高有機(jī)碳土壤在120min時(shí)吸附達(dá)到平衡,用Elovich方程擬合的r2值較高,擬合效果最好。等溫吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)中,Langmuir方程、Freundlich方程、Temkin方程均可較好的擬合白漿土對(duì)腐殖酸的吸附等溫線。母質(zhì)和耕層土壤用Langmuir擬合最大吸附量分別為65.188 mg/g、56.557mg/g、63.386mg/g、55.188mg/g。同一土壤不同處理的條件下,對(duì)腐殖酸的吸附能力表現(xiàn)為:粘粒去有機(jī)質(zhì)土壤原土粉粒。
[Abstract]:The study of carbon sequestration properties and potential of white clay is of great significance for revealing the mechanism of carbon sequestration and enriching the theory of fertilizer improvement, and can also provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of environment-friendly fertilizer cultivation measures. In this study, the cultivated white soil with different organic matter content in eastern Jilin Province was used as the test soil, and the adsorption experiment was carried out through the indoor simulated culture experiment. The adsorption and fixation of straw transformed carbon and humus carbon in cultivated layer and parent material of white soil were studied emphatically. The effects of corn straw on soil aggregate composition and organic carbon distribution in tilling layer and parent layer were also studied. The results of the research are summarized below. The main results are as follows: 1. The clay content in the cultivated layer of the tested alpine soil varies between 28.25% and 38.37%, the soil texture is between 4.56 and 4.82, the pH range is 4.56-4.82, and the cation exchange capacity varies from 15.38 to 17.46 cmol/kg. In contrast, the clay content of the parent layer is 45.13, the soil texture is mainly clay pH 6.44; the cation exchange capacity is 18.88 cmol / kg; the clay mineral composition of the tested soil is mainly composed of 2:1 type montmorillonite and Illite and a small amount of 1:1 kaolinite. The composition of crystal is quite high in the selective dissolution analysis of soil clay. The composition of agglomerates was dominated by 2-0.25 mm and 0.25mm. The composition and physicochemical properties of the above materials lay a rich material foundation for the organic carbon fixation of aluminous soils. Secondly, the content of total organic carbon, the content of recombined organic carbon and the increment of recombinant organic carbon in the topsoil and parent layer increased with the increase of the amount of straw. Compared with tilling layer, the increment and increase rate of recombination organic carbon in parent layer were higher than that in tilling layer. With the increase of soil organic carbon content, the increase rate of recombination organic carbon, the ratio of recombination to the whole soil and the clay organic compound degree (DC) decreased gradually. Thirdly, the composition of the aggregate changed obviously after adding corn straw to the soil. With the increase of the amount of straw, the aggregate content of 2N 1 mm increased gradually, and the content of 0.25 mm increased first and then decreased. The aggregate content of 0.25 mm,0.106 mm 0.106 mm,0.106 mm decreased gradually. In the topsoil, the content of grain aggregates of 2 mm was the highest when the amount of straw was 5. In the parent layer soil, the content of grain aggregates of 2 mm was the highest when the amount of straw was 10%. The content of organic carbon in soil aggregates was significantly increased by adding corn straw. When the amount of straw was 10, the content of organic carbon was the highest. The organic carbon content of 2-1mm aggregates was the highest and the lowest in parent and high organic carbon topsoil, while the organic carbon content of 2-1mm aggregates gradually increased with the increase of straw addition. The content of organic carbon in 1 / 0. 25 mm,0.25~0.106 mm,0.106 mm aggregate of all soils tended to increase with the increase of straw content. 5. Humic acid adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of parent material and low organic carbon soil reached equilibrium at the time of 60min, while the adsorption of high organic carbon soil reached equilibrium at the time of 120min, and the value of R2 fitted by Elovich equation was higher, and the fitting effect was the best. In the isothermal adsorption experiment, the Langmuir equation and Freundlich equation and Temkin equation can all fit the adsorption isotherm of humic acid in aluminous soil. The maximum adsorption capacity of parent and tilling soils fitted by Langmuir was 65.188 mg/g,56.557mg/g,63.386mg/g,55.188mg/g., respectively. Under different treatments of the same soil, the adsorption ability of humic acid was as follows: clay removal of organic soil silt.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S154.1

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5 段s

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