【摘要】：以華北平原曲周18年長期定位試驗的農(nóng)田土壤為研究對象,利用偏光顯微鏡觀察常規(guī)種植、無公害種植和有機種植3種種植方式下的土壤薄片,研究種植方式對土壤微形態(tài)特征的影響。結(jié)果表明:3種種植方式下的土壤和土壤粗顆粒的礦物組合基本一致,主要由石英和長石組成,但顆粒的形態(tài)和粒徑有一定差別;有機種植下,土壤表層結(jié)構(gòu)由中度分離的塊狀和板狀結(jié)構(gòu)為主變?yōu)閳F粒結(jié)構(gòu)為主,發(fā)育良好的團聚體含量明顯增加,土壤容重顯著下降,有機質(zhì)顯著增加;表層土壤容重為1.19 g/cm~3,有機質(zhì)含量為22.67 g/kg,總孔隙度高達32%。常規(guī)種植條件下,土壤表層結(jié)構(gòu)以中度分離的塊狀結(jié)構(gòu)為主,土壤結(jié)構(gòu)較為緊實,發(fā)育程度較低;表層土壤容重為1.30 g/cm~3,有機質(zhì)含量為18.42 g/kg,表層的總孔隙度為30%。無公害種植條件下,土壤表層結(jié)構(gòu)以中度分離的團塊狀結(jié)構(gòu)和少量的高度分離的粒狀結(jié)構(gòu)為主,土壤結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)育程度居于有機種植和常規(guī)種植二者之間。因此,有機種植條件下土壤結(jié)構(gòu)疏松,土壤透氣性良好,有利于作物生長。
[Abstract]:The soil of cropland of North China Plain was studied by using polarizing microscope to observe the soil flakes under three planting methods: conventional planting, pollution-free planting and organic planting, which had been used for 18 years of long-term locating experiment in North China Plain. The effects of planting patterns on soil micromorphological characteristics were studied. The results showed that the mineral assemblages of coarse particles in soil and soil under different planting methods were basically the same, mainly composed of quartz and feldspar, but the morphology and particle size of particles were different. The surface structure of the soil changed from the moderately separated bulk and plate structure to the aggregate structure, the content of well-developed aggregates increased significantly, the bulk density of soil decreased significantly, and the organic matter increased significantly. The bulk density of surface soil is 1.19 g / cm ~ (-3), the content of organic matter is 22.67 g / kg, and the total porosity is as high as 32g / kg. Under conventional planting conditions, the soil surface structure was mainly a moderately separated block structure, the soil structure was relatively compact and the development degree was low, the bulk density of the surface soil was 1.30 g / cm ~ (-3), the content of organic matter was 18.42 g / kg, and the total porosity of the surface layer was 30%. Under the condition of pollution-free planting, the soil surface structure was mainly composed of moderately separated mass structure and a small amount of highly separated granular structure, and the degree of soil structure development was between organic planting and conventional planting. Therefore, the soil structure is loose and the soil permeability is good under organic planting, which is beneficial to crop growth.
【作者單位】： 陜西省土地工程建設(shè)集團有限責任公司;中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學資源與環(huán)境學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(41571317) “十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2012BAD14B01) 環(huán)保公益性行業(yè)科研專項(2013467036) 陜西省重點科技創(chuàng)新團隊計劃項目(2016KCT-23)
【分類號】：S152.2

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 武繼承,王秋杰,寇長林,孔祥旋,任素坤;開封沙地試驗區(qū)不同作物種植方式的綜合效益評價[J];生態(tài)學雜志;1999年01期

2 朱普平;常志州;鄭建初;陳留根;;太湖地區(qū)稻田主要種植方式氮磷徑流損失及經(jīng)濟效益分析[J];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2007年03期

3 張小溪;張國盛;胡學柏;;滇池湖盆區(qū)露地蔬菜種植方式對農(nóng)田水土流失的影響[J];水土保持學報;2011年06期

4 劉秀位;王艷哲;陳素英;張喜英;孫宏勇;邵立威;;不同種植方式對棉田土壤溫度、棉花耗水和生長的影響[J];干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究;2013年01期

5 張勁強;董元華;安瓊;劉新程;;不同種植方式下土壤和蔬菜中氨基甲酸酯類農(nóng)藥殘留狀況研究[J];土壤學報;2006年05期

6 李學平;劉萍;劉兆輝;董曉霞;李甲亮;榮琨;;魯北低平原內(nèi)陸鹽堿地不同種植方式對土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響[J];水土保持通報;2012年01期

7 向萬勝,梁稱福,李衛(wèi)紅;三峽庫區(qū)花崗巖坡耕地不同種植方式下水土流失定位研究[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學報;2001年01期

8 魏以昕,吳玉福,溫重陽,陳樂賢,韓承鼎;隴中貧水富集抗旱高產(chǎn)栽培試驗研究[J];中國水土保持;2000年02期

9 ;[J];;年期

，

本文編號：2222188