【摘要】：通過水稻盆栽試驗研究施用新型快腐糞肥、條垛堆肥和未經(jīng)處理鮮糞對水稻產(chǎn)量和養(yǎng)分利用效率以及CH_4和N_2O等溫室氣體排放的影響,同時設(shè)置不施肥對照,評估不同處理方式糞肥的肥效和環(huán)境效應.結(jié)果表明:施用快腐糞肥可以明顯促進水稻生長、增加水稻產(chǎn)量,且增產(chǎn)效果顯著高于鮮糞和條垛堆肥(P0.05);等量和等氮施用快腐糞肥處理的水稻產(chǎn)量分別比鮮糞和條垛堆肥處理增加38.72%、35.80%和44.67%、41.63%.與鮮糞和條垛堆肥相比,等量和等氮條件下施用快腐糞肥其氮、磷、鉀養(yǎng)分的農(nóng)學利用效率和當季利用效率顯著增加(P0.05).施用條垛堆肥處理的CH_4、N_2O排放以及單位產(chǎn)量全球增溫潛勢(GHGI)均為最低.施用鮮糞顯著增加CH_4排放,而N_2O排放增加不顯著(P0.05),其GHGI顯著高于條垛堆肥和快腐糞肥(P0.05);鮮糞經(jīng)快速物化促腐處理后施用可以顯著減少CH_4排放(P0.05),雖然N_2O排放有增加趨勢,但其GHGI顯著降低(P0.05).因此,物化促腐技術(shù)處理快速、經(jīng)濟高效、環(huán)保低碳,可廣泛應用于畜禽養(yǎng)殖場的糞便處理和有機肥生產(chǎn).(圖1表5參40)
[Abstract]:The effects of the application of new fast rot manure, stacked compost and untreated fresh manure on rice yield and nutrient utilization efficiency, as well as greenhouse gas emissions such as CH_4 and N2O were studied by pot experiment. To evaluate the fertilizer efficiency and environmental effects of different treatments. The results showed that the application of fast-rot manure could obviously promote the growth of rice and increase the yield of rice. The yield of rice treated with the same amount and equal nitrogen was 38.72% and 44.67% higher than that of fresh manure and strip pile compost (P 0.05), and the rice yield increased by 38.72% and 44.67% respectively. Compared with fresh manure and stacking compost, the agricultural utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the utilization efficiency of the current season were significantly increased under the same amount and equal nitrogen condition (P0.05). The CH4N _ 2O emission and the global temperature potential (GHGI) per unit yield of CH4GN _ 2O treated by stack-compost treatment were the lowest. Application of fresh manure significantly increased CH_4 emissions, but N2O emissions did not increase significantly (P0.05), but the GHGI of fresh manure was significantly higher than that of stacking compost and fast-rot manure (P0.05), and that of fresh manure treated by rapid physicochemical treatment could significantly reduce CH_4 emissions (P0.05), although N2O emission had a tendency to increase. But its GHGI decreased significantly (P0.05). Therefore, the technology of physical and chemical degradation is rapid, economical and efficient, environmental protection and low carbon. It can be widely used in manure treatment and organic fertilizer production in livestock and poultry farms. (fig 1, Table 5, Ref 40)
【作者單位】： 中國科學院南京土壤研究所土壤與農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展國家重點實驗室;中國科學院大學;
【基金】：中國科學院戰(zhàn)略性先導科技專項(XDA05020803,XDA05020800) 國家自然科學基金面上項目(21377137)資助~~
【分類號】：S511;S141

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