【摘要】：江西武功山山地草甸,具有面積大和分布基準(zhǔn)海拔低的特點(diǎn),是氣候變化的重要指示植被。由于木材需求量的增加,上世紀(jì)80年代,萍鄉(xiāng)礦務(wù)局林場(chǎng)選擇具有耐寒特性的柳杉(Cryptomeria japonica)大面積種植于草甸交錯(cuò)區(qū)域,保留至今。人工造林作為一種土地利用方式的改變,顯著影響了武功山山地草甸的環(huán)境和土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)特征變化。因此,本文以“草甸-柳杉林”土壤為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)分析武功山草甸和柳杉林土壤C、N、P特征差異,探討人工造林對(duì)武功山草甸土壤的影響機(jī)制,以期為武功山山地草甸脆弱生態(tài)系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)建設(shè)提供理論依據(jù)。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)通過(guò)典則判別函數(shù)分析草甸和柳杉林的多元空間下的分離程度發(fā)現(xiàn)草甸和柳杉林的分離程度較高。(2)柳杉林土壤全碳(TOC)、微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量磷(MBP)、可溶性有機(jī)碳(DOC)、硝態(tài)氮(NO3--N)、銨態(tài)氮(NH4+-N)、有硝態(tài)氮(AN)可溶性總氮(DTN)含量等指標(biāo)均高于草甸,pH值、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、微生物量氮(MBN)含量等指標(biāo)均低于草甸;比較草甸-柳杉林土壤C、N、P化學(xué)計(jì)量比,發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤碳氮比值和土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷比值均無(wú)顯著性差異,但柳杉林土壤C/N、C/P增加。(3)土壤TOC濃度與TN、MBN關(guān)系密切且呈顯著性正相關(guān),土壤MBC與MBN、MBP均呈顯著性正相關(guān);DOC與NH4+-N、NO3--N、AN、可溶性有機(jī)氮(DON)等之間的相關(guān)系數(shù)分別達(dá)到顯著或極顯著水平,NH4+-N、NO3--N均與AN、DTN呈顯著性正相關(guān)。綜上:武功山草甸-柳杉林在多元空間下分離程度高,柳杉人工林改變了草甸土壤C、N、P分布和含量組成。
[Abstract]:The mountain meadow in Wugong Mountain Jiangxi Province has the characteristics of large area and low distribution datum altitude and is an important indicator of climate change. Because of the increasing demand for wood, Pingxiang Mining Bureau Forest Farm selected (Cryptomeria japonica), which has the characteristic of cold tolerance, planted in the meadow interlaced area in large area in 1980s. As a change of land use, artificial afforestation significantly affected the environmental and soil carbon, (C), nitrogen, (N), and phosphorus (P) characteristics of mountain meadow in Wugong Mountain. Therefore, taking the soil of "meadow and Cryptomeria fortunei forest" as the research object, this paper discussed the mechanism of artificial afforestation on the meadow soil of Wugong Mountain by analyzing the difference of soil CnP characteristics between the meadow of Wugong Mountain and the soil of Cryptomeria fortunei forest. In order to provide theoretical basis for the restoration and construction of fragile ecosystem of mountain meadow in Wugong Mountain. The results showed that: (1) the degree of separation of meadow and Cryptomeria forest in multivariate space was analyzed by canonical discriminant function. (2) soil total carbon (TOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass (MBC), microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), was found to be higher in meadow and Cryptomeria forest. The contents of soluble organic carbon (DOC),) nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4 -N), nitrate nitrogen (AN), soluble total nitrogen (DTN) were higher than those in meadow. The microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) content of total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP), was lower than that of meadow, and the ratio of soil C / N ratio and soil microbial biomass C, N and P ratio were not significantly different between meadow and Cryptomeria chinensis forest soil, compared with the stoichiometric ratio of soil C / N ratio and soil microbial biomass C, N, P ratio. But soil C / N / P increased in Cryptomeria chinensis forest. (3) soil TOC concentration was closely related to TNMBN and had a significant positive correlation. There was a significant positive correlation between soil MBC and MBNN MBP. The correlation coefficients between DOC and NH4-Nnno _ 3 N, soluble organic nitrogen (DON) and so on were significant or extremely significant, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between soil MBC and NH4-Nno _ 3 N. On the other hand, the meadow and Cryptomeria fortunei forests in Wugong Mountain were highly segregated in multiple space, and the distribution and content of Cnn P in meadow soil were changed by Cryptomeria fortunei plantation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S714

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