青南牧區(qū)牧戶家畜生產(chǎn)及雪災(zāi)防治
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-09 11:50
【摘要】：采用入戶訪談方法,對(duì)青南牧區(qū)典型雪災(zāi)地達(dá)日縣、瑪多縣和稱多縣牧戶家畜養(yǎng)殖結(jié)構(gòu)、繁殖成活率、出欄量,冷季死亡、掉膘和補(bǔ)飼情況,牧戶暖棚建設(shè)和收支及對(duì)冬春雪災(zāi)設(shè)計(jì)方案效益系統(tǒng)分析。結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)戶均家畜養(yǎng)殖數(shù)為82.5~423.2AU(羊單位,animal unit),家畜年補(bǔ)飼水平為1.2~26.5CNY·AU-1,牧戶家畜幾乎不出欄,有暖棚設(shè)施的牧戶占總牧戶的1/3,收入主要靠政府補(bǔ)貼,飼草料儲(chǔ)備低,占家庭總開(kāi)支不到5%。牧戶應(yīng)對(duì)雪災(zāi)能力弱,在大雪災(zāi)和中雪災(zāi)年份,研究區(qū)家畜繁殖成活率分別為41.5%~75.9%和65.0%~86.4%,冷季死亡率分別為13.2%~24.4%和8.2%~12.8%,掉膘率分別為30%~40%和20%~30%。針對(duì)牧戶家畜管理存在主要問(wèn)題,本研究提出了一定出欄量+補(bǔ)飼的對(duì)策,以減少家畜冬春雪災(zāi)死亡損失,提高牧戶應(yīng)對(duì)雪災(zāi)能力。
[Abstract]:Using the method of household interview, the livestock breeding structure, the survival rate of reproduction, the amount of outfall, the death in cold season, the loss of fat and the situation of supplementary feeding in typical snow disaster areas of Dali County, Maduo County and Sundo County in Qingnan pastoral area were studied. The systematic analysis on the construction, income and expenditure of the sheds and the benefit of the snow disaster design scheme in winter and spring. The results showed that the average number of livestock raised in the study area was 82.5~423.2AU (sheep unit animal unit), animal annual supplementary feeding level was 1.2~26.5CNY AU-1), the herdsmen almost did not go out of the column, the herdsmen with warm greenhouse facilities accounted for one third of the total herdsmen, the income was mainly dependent on government subsidies, and the forage stock was low. Less than 5% of total household expenses. The survival rate of livestock reproduction in the study area was 41.5% 75.9% and 65.0% 86.4% respectively. The mortality rate in cold season was 13.20.24% and 8.2% 12.8 respectively. The fat loss rate was 3040% and 203030%, respectively. In order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of livestock to deal with snow disasters, this study put forward some countermeasures of supplementary feeding in order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of herdsmen to cope with snow disasters.
【作者單位】： 蘭州大學(xué)草地農(nóng)業(yè)科技學(xué)院;農(nóng)業(yè)部草牧業(yè)創(chuàng)新重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(31372367) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃課題(2016YFC0501902)
【分類號(hào)】：S811.1
，
本文編號(hào)：2173986
[Abstract]:Using the method of household interview, the livestock breeding structure, the survival rate of reproduction, the amount of outfall, the death in cold season, the loss of fat and the situation of supplementary feeding in typical snow disaster areas of Dali County, Maduo County and Sundo County in Qingnan pastoral area were studied. The systematic analysis on the construction, income and expenditure of the sheds and the benefit of the snow disaster design scheme in winter and spring. The results showed that the average number of livestock raised in the study area was 82.5~423.2AU (sheep unit animal unit), animal annual supplementary feeding level was 1.2~26.5CNY AU-1), the herdsmen almost did not go out of the column, the herdsmen with warm greenhouse facilities accounted for one third of the total herdsmen, the income was mainly dependent on government subsidies, and the forage stock was low. Less than 5% of total household expenses. The survival rate of livestock reproduction in the study area was 41.5% 75.9% and 65.0% 86.4% respectively. The mortality rate in cold season was 13.20.24% and 8.2% 12.8 respectively. The fat loss rate was 3040% and 203030%, respectively. In order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of livestock to deal with snow disasters, this study put forward some countermeasures of supplementary feeding in order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of herdsmen to cope with snow disasters.
【作者單位】： 蘭州大學(xué)草地農(nóng)業(yè)科技學(xué)院;農(nóng)業(yè)部草牧業(yè)創(chuàng)新重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(31372367) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃課題(2016YFC0501902)
【分類號(hào)】：S811.1
，
本文編號(hào)：2173986
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