【摘要】：精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)作為當(dāng)今農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要支撐項(xiàng)目，由3S技術(shù)（遙感技術(shù)RS、地理信息系統(tǒng)GIS、全球定位系統(tǒng)GPS）作為支持，采集地塊的地理信息，了解土壤所需化肥含量，依據(jù)專家決策系統(tǒng)，完成農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上的要求。在精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)中，變量施肥技術(shù)是其重要的組成部分。變量施肥主要有兩種方式，一種是根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測土壤信息反饋給控制系統(tǒng)，來對地塊施肥進(jìn)行變量調(diào)節(jié)，另一種是由GPS采集地塊地理位置信息，由處方圖提供地塊施肥信息，控制施肥裝置進(jìn)行施肥。變量施肥不僅可以提高土壤利用率，有效的保證化肥的正常使用，不會(huì)造成土地退化等嚴(yán)重后果，還能為農(nóng)民節(jié)省投入，增加農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量，保證農(nóng)民收入，防止由于濫用化肥造成的水源富養(yǎng)化和環(huán)境污染等問題。本文是對變量施肥液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)以及深入的研究。 比較現(xiàn)有的幾種變量施肥驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，針對適合我國農(nóng)業(yè)工作施肥機(jī)械特點(diǎn)，提出變量施肥液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案�？偨Y(jié)幾種不同驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)方法，進(jìn)行變量施肥液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的硬件研究，其中包括步進(jìn)電機(jī)、驅(qū)動(dòng)器、控制器分析及研究，對外槽輪式排肥器進(jìn)行了分析，觸摸屏計(jì)算機(jī)選用和GPS接收機(jī)系統(tǒng)的介紹，對關(guān)鍵部件液壓增扭器進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)闡述，包括液壓增扭器參數(shù)計(jì)算及選用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等等。建立控制系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)方程，試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的完整性以及可行性，建立數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行分析。最后，對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行調(diào)試，由黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)液壓試驗(yàn)室提供試驗(yàn)地點(diǎn)，驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)是否運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)電壓以及液壓試驗(yàn)臺電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速，，流量與液壓油壓力之間的關(guān)系，驗(yàn)證變量施肥驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的合理性與可行性，便于以后變量施肥田間試驗(yàn)，最后得出結(jié)論，可以滿足農(nóng)業(yè)變量施肥要求。
[Abstract]:Precision agriculture, as an important supporting project of agricultural development today, is supported by 3s technology (RS, GIS, GPS) to collect geographic information of plots and to understand the chemical fertilizer content required by soil. According to the expert decision system, complete the agricultural production requirements. Variable rate fertilization is an important part of precision agriculture technology. There are two main ways of variable fertilization. One is to feed back to the control system according to the real-time monitoring soil information, the other is to collect the geographic location information of the plot by GPS, and to provide the plot fertilization information by the prescription map. Control fertilization device for fertilization. Variable rate fertilization can not only improve the soil utilization rate, effectively ensure the normal use of chemical fertilizer and avoid serious consequences such as land degradation, but also save farmers' input, increase crop yields, and ensure farmers' income. To prevent the abuse of chemical fertilizer caused by the water eutrophication and environmental pollution and other problems. In this paper, the variable rate fertilization hydraulic drive control system is designed and studied. This paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of several kinds of variable rate fertilization drive control systems, and puts forward the design scheme of variable rate fertilization hydraulic drive control system according to the characteristics of fertilization machinery suitable for agricultural work in China. This paper summarizes several kinds of drive and control system methods, and studies the hardware of variable rate fertilization hydraulic drive control system, including stepper motor, driver, controller analysis and research, and external grooved wheel fertiliser. The selection of touch-screen computer and the introduction of GPS receiver system are introduced. The key components of hydraulic torsion augmentation device are described emphatically, including the parameter calculation and selection standard of hydraulic torsion augmentation device, and so on. The mathematical equation of the control system is established, the integrity and feasibility of the test system are established, and the mathematical model is established for analysis. Finally, the system was debugged and the test site was provided by the hydraulic laboratory of Bayi Nongken University in Heilongjiang, which verified whether the design system was running normally, running voltage, and the relationship between motor speed, flow rate and hydraulic oil pressure on the hydraulic test-bed. The rationality and feasibility of the variable rate fertilization driving control system are verified, which is convenient for the field experiment of variable rate fertilization in the future. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that it can meet the requirements of variable rate fertilization in agriculture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S224.22

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王新忠,王熙,王智敏;精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)與變量施肥技術(shù)[J];黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年04期

2 梁春英,王熙,趙軍,王智敏,莊衛(wèi)東;變量施肥播種機(jī)電控液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J];黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2003年03期

3 趙軍;于潔;王熙;莊衛(wèi)東;;機(jī)械驅(qū)動(dòng)式精密變量施肥播種機(jī)的研制[J];黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2006年02期

4 懷寶付;梁春英;王熙;李愛平;張紅霞;;變量施肥控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J];黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年04期

5 陳彩蓉;;GPS技術(shù)及其在農(nóng)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用[J];農(nóng)業(yè)裝備技術(shù);2008年06期

6 雷偉偉;張鋒;王元波;;GPS技術(shù)在現(xiàn)代精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用研究[J];農(nóng)技服務(wù);2008年03期

7 孫裕晶,馬成林,張書慧,張勇智;智能變量施肥技術(shù)初步試驗(yàn)研究[J];農(nóng)機(jī)化研究;2003年04期

8 張濤;趙潔;;變量施肥技術(shù)體系的研究進(jìn)展[J];農(nóng)機(jī)化研究;2010年07期

9 張書慧,馬成林,吳才聰,杜巧玲,韓云霞,趙興明;一種精確農(nóng)業(yè)自動(dòng)變量施肥技術(shù)及其實(shí)施[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào);2003年01期

10 張書慧,馬成林,杜巧玲,聶昕,吳才聰,韓云霞;精確農(nóng)業(yè)自動(dòng)變量施肥機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào);2004年01期

本文編號：2157031