濱海濕地不同植被類型下土壤中氮與磷的積聚特征
[Abstract]:Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in wetland soils are closely related to the stability of wetland community succession ecosystems. However, little is known about how coastal wetland vegetation affects the accumulation of N, the accumulation of P, and the existence of the fertile island effect of the typical coastal wetland vegetation, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud, and so on. The soil of reed, Scirpus planiculmis Fr.Schmidt and narrow leaf cattail Typha angustifolia L covered by Weihai Moon Lake wetland was studied. The accumulation characteristics of P, ecological chemometrics characteristics and the possibility of the existence of fertile island effect in reed community were studied under different vegetation coverage. The main results are as follows: 1) the physical and chemical properties of soil under different vegetation coverage. The soil bulk density is between 1.06-1.53 g/cm3, the difference between the vegetation types and the season changes. In spring, the soil bulk density under the narrow leaf cattail is 1.06 + 0.25 g/cm3, less than the soil soil bulk density (1.40 + 0.25 g/cm3) under the reed and the soil covered by Prisma Soil bulk density (1.51 + 0.17g/cm3) (p5%); in summer, the bulk density of soil under mulching was 1.21 + 0.20 g/cm3, significantly less than the soil bulk density (1.40 + 0.11 g/cm3) under reed mulching and soil bulk density (1.44 + 0.22 g/cm3) under the narrow leaf cattail (1.44 + 0.22 g/cm3). Soil bulk density overall showed a trend of increasing with the increase of soil depth. The organic matter content of soil organic matter is the same among the vegetation types. The content of soil organic matter under the cover of cattail is significantly greater than that of reed and PRISMA (p5%). The variation range of soil water content is 8.43-38.96%, and the difference between the vegetation types is very significant (p5%), and the different vegetation covers each quarter. The soil moisture content under the covered soil is also approximately the same. The water content of soil under the cover of the narrow leaf cattail is greater than the soil moisture content of the soil under the reed and prism covered soil (p5%).0-10 cm soil moisture content and the organic matter content is greater than 10 cm soil moisture content and organic matter content.2). Soil organic nitrogen (ON) and organophosphorus (OP) are the main contents of N and P. The difference of soil inorganic phosphorus (IP) and TP content in soil total nitrogen (TN) 94.67% and soil total phosphorus (TP) was similar to that of TP, which showed that the content of TP and IP in the soil under the narrow leaf cattail was greater than that of the soil TP and IP (p5%) under the mulching and reed covered soil. The soil IP and the content of the soil under the mulching at the 0-2 cm were compared. The areas with higher soil IP and TP content under the narrow leaf cattail were no significant difference between 10-20cm. soil non polar nitrogen (IN) and TN content among vegetation types. The difference of soil exchangeable nitrogen (Ex-N) and exchangeable phosphorus (Ex-P) content between vegetation types varied from season to season. In spring and summer, the soil Ex-P content was smaller and significantly smaller under the narrow leaf cattail. Soil Ex-P content (p5%) under reed and PRISMA mulching, autumn, winter, and reed covered soil Ex-P content was significantly less than the soil Ex-P content (p5%) under the mulching and narrow leaf cattail. In summer and winter, the difference of soil Ex-N between vegetation types was significant (p5%). In summer, the order of the size of soil Ex-N content under the cover of each vegetation was three prism. Grass narrow leaf cattail reed (p5%); in winter, the order of soil Ex-N content under the cover of each vegetation covers the narrow Ye Xiangpu trisse reed (p5%).3) spring, summer and winter, and the Ex-N/Ex-P ratio of the soil under the reed is 15.20 + 6.31,7.31 + 9.24 respectively, which is less than the Ex-N/Ex-P ratio of the soil under the mulching and the narrow leaf cattail, except for spring and summer. The Ex-N/Ex-P ratio of the soil under the rest of the season was more than 16, and the growth of the vegetation was limited by the P in the soil. In spring and winter, the carbon (C) nitrogen was significantly different between the vegetation types. The C/N ratio of the soil under the narrow leaf cattail was significantly greater than the C/N ratio of the soil under the reed and the mulching grass (p5%). The C/N ratio of the soil under vegetation cover is less than 25, indicating that the decomposition of organic matter in the local area is accelerated and the accumulation of N is.4). The influence range of reed community to soil water content and C/N ratio is 0-2 m, which is reflected in the depth of 16-18cm and 6-8 cm respectively. The influence range of the soil organic matter is at the center of the community and the 0.5 m at the center of the distance, and the soil organic matter is at the center of the community and the center of the distance from the center. Soil Ex-N, TN content and Ex-N/Ex-P, Ex-N/Ex-P, TN/TP than in reeds and bare land in the difference between the center 0.5 m, 12-14 cm depth of the soil. Soil IN, IP content between reeds and bare land at 1.5 m from the center, reflected in 14-18 cm depth of the soil. In addition, the reed to Ex-P, IN, accumulate the product Aggregation plays an important role in dispersing water, Ex-N, IP and TP. In coastal wetlands, Phragmites australis may have an anti fertile island effect, and its index is soil water content and soil C/N ratio.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:S153
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