本文選題：三峽庫區(qū) + 支付意愿　； 參考：《重慶師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：長期以來,在我國對環(huán)境污染的管控中,一直有重視點源污染,輕視面源污染的弊端。近年來,我國農(nóng)戶為了提高生產(chǎn)效益,大量甚至超量施用化肥、農(nóng)藥等,造成了嚴重的農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染,導致農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境破壞加劇,制約了農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。三峽庫區(qū)獨特的自然環(huán)境條件易造成面源污染,對庫區(qū)水環(huán)境的極大影響。為了有針對性的提出防治措施,實現(xiàn)三峽庫區(qū)水環(huán)境保護的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,加強農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的防治是非常必要的。三峽庫區(qū)由于其特殊的地位,成為全國最為重要的敏感生態(tài)經(jīng)濟區(qū)之一。但庫區(qū)地形特殊,社會經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的壓力較普通地區(qū)更大,因此,關(guān)于該區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的研究也非常必要。本文基于三峽庫區(qū)面源污染的現(xiàn)狀特征,分析該區(qū)面源污染的影響因素,選取三峽庫區(qū)重慶段的部分區(qū)縣的典型區(qū)域為研究對象,并以典型區(qū)域農(nóng)戶關(guān)于面源污染調(diào)查問卷數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),對農(nóng)戶參與農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染治理的支付意愿進行回歸分析(本文主要涉及土壤和水質(zhì)兩個環(huán)境因素),借鑒參考發(fā)達國家農(nóng)業(yè)面源的防治措施,得出三峽庫區(qū)面源污染的防治對策,以期為該區(qū)面源污染的防治提供借鑒參考。本文研究的主要結(jié)論:(1)經(jīng)過農(nóng)戶面源污染的認知調(diào)查,72.92%的農(nóng)戶對其概念認識不清,并且沒有意識到農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的危害。(2)對于水質(zhì)和土壤污染的治理方面,分別有20.58%和45.13%愿意以捐款和義工的形式對水質(zhì)的改善做出支付,分別有27.8%和55.6%愿意以捐款和義工的形式對土壤的改善做出支付。(3)經(jīng)Logistic回歸分析,得出以下結(jié)論:農(nóng)戶家庭收入、農(nóng)戶農(nóng)產(chǎn)品占家庭總收入比重、農(nóng)戶年齡、耕地面積、農(nóng)戶的文化程度對其改善水質(zhì)和土壤的支付意愿呈顯著相關(guān)。農(nóng)戶對水污染和土壤污染愿意一次支付的數(shù)額對水質(zhì)和土壤質(zhì)量改善支付的意愿影響不顯著。(4)農(nóng)戶關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染防治意識薄弱,部分農(nóng)戶拒絕為防治面源污染支付,絕大部分農(nóng)戶對面源污染防治有從眾心理�；趪饧捌渌貐^(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的防治,本文提出三峽庫區(qū)防治農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的防治對策。建議短期內(nèi)對農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的防治以經(jīng)濟補償,和加強對相關(guān)知識的教育和宣傳為主,同時國家應盡快健全相關(guān)農(nóng)村監(jiān)測機制,因地制宜的開展農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染防治。
[Abstract]:For a long time, in the control of environmental pollution in China, there has always been a focus on point source pollution, despise the abuse of non-point source pollution. In recent years, in order to improve the efficiency of agricultural production, farmers in our country have applied a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which has caused serious agricultural non-point source pollution, aggravated the damage of agricultural environment, and restricted the sustainable development of agriculture. The unique natural environment conditions of the three Gorges Reservoir area are easy to cause non-point source pollution and have a great impact on the water environment of the reservoir area. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in order to put forward the prevention measures and realize the sustainable development of water environment protection in the three Gorges Reservoir area. Because of its special status, the three Gorges Reservoir area has become one of the most important sensitive ecological economic zones in China. But the topography of the reservoir area is special, the social economic structure is unreasonable, and the pressure of agricultural non-point source pollution is greater than that of the common area. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the agricultural non-point source pollution in this area. Based on the current characteristics of non-point source pollution in the three Gorges Reservoir area, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the non-point source pollution in this area, and selects the typical areas of some counties in Chongqing section of the three Gorges Reservoir area as the research objects. And based on the questionnaire data of farmers about non-point source pollution in typical regions, Based on the regression analysis of farmers' willingness to pay for agricultural non-point source pollution control (this paper mainly involves two environmental factors, soil and water quality), and referring to the control measures of agricultural non-point source in developed countries, the countermeasures of prevention and control of non-point source pollution in the three Gorges Reservoir area are obtained. In order to provide reference for the prevention and control of non-point source pollution in this area. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) 72.92% of the farmers do not understand the concept of non-point source pollution and do not realize the harm of agricultural non-point source pollution. (2) on the water quality and soil pollution control, 72.92% of the farmers do not understand the concept of the non-point source pollution, and they are not aware of the harm of agricultural non-point source pollution. 20.58% and 45.13% were willing to pay for the improvement of water quality in the form of donations and volunteers, and 27.8% and 55.6% were willing to pay for the improvement of soil quality in the form of donations and volunteers, respectively. (3) by logistic regression analysis, the following conclusions were drawn: household income of farmers, The proportion of agricultural products to total household income, the age of farmers, the area of cultivated land, and the education level of farmers were significantly related to the improvement of water quality and the willingness to pay for the soil. The amount of farmers willing to pay for water pollution and soil pollution had no significant effect on the willingness to pay for the improvement of water quality and soil quality. (4) the awareness of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention was weak, and some farmers refused to pay for the prevention of non-point source pollution. The vast majority of farmers have a crowd mentality to prevent and control non-point source pollution. Based on the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in foreign countries and other regions, this paper puts forward the prevention and control countermeasures of agricultural non-point source pollution in the three Gorges Reservoir area. It is suggested that the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in the short term should be based on economic compensation and strengthen the education and publicity of related knowledge. At the same time, the country should improve the relevant rural monitoring mechanism as soon as possible and carry out agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control according to local conditions.
【學位授予單位】：重慶師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X71

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