本文選題：天然次生林 + 枯落物��； 參考：《山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：以關(guān)帝山林區(qū)5種典型林分類型為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)野外設(shè)置標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地,分層采集樣方和室內(nèi)稱重、浸泡對(duì)其林下枯落物的組成和蓄積量及其持水性能進(jìn)行了測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明：(1)5種典型林分林下枯落物的蓄積量之間存在顯著差異,范圍從31.07-69.95t/hm2,大小排序?yàn)椋河退闪秩A北落葉松林白樺林遼東櫟林云杉林；(2)同一林分或不同林分中未分解層的枝、葉、果和其他枯落物儲(chǔ)量均存在顯著差異,5種林分的枯落物半分解層儲(chǔ)量表現(xiàn)出闊葉林大于針葉林；(3)5種林分類型枯落物的最大持水量變動(dòng)范圍在59.47-149.18 t/hm2,按其大小排序?yàn)椋河退闪职讟辶秩A北落葉松林遼東櫟林云杉林；最大持水率變動(dòng)范圍在166.62-320.28%,按其大小排序?yàn)椋喊讟辶诌|東櫟林油松林云-杉林華北落葉松林；有效攔蓄深的變化范圍在2.05-5.48mm,按其大小排序?yàn)椋河退闪职讟辶秩A北落葉松林遼東櫟林云杉林；(4)5種林分枯落物及各組成部分的持水量和持水率總變化趨勢(shì)是隨時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而增加,其在lh內(nèi)的增量最大,以后逐漸減小直至飽和時(shí)為零。通過(guò)回歸得出其持水量、持水率與浸水時(shí)間之間存在對(duì)數(shù)關(guān)系R t=a 1n(t)+b；(5)5種林分枯落物及各組成部分的吸水速率均隨時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而減小,通過(guò)回歸得出其吸水速率與時(shí)間呈現(xiàn)冪函數(shù)關(guān)系V=ktn；(6)不同組成部分持水對(duì)總枯落物持水能力產(chǎn)生不同影響,其中半分解層對(duì)總枯落物持水所做的貢獻(xiàn)最大,貢獻(xiàn)率可達(dá)50%左右,在未分解層中貢獻(xiàn)率最大的是葉枯落物,而果的貢獻(xiàn)率最小。這些研究結(jié)果可為今后關(guān)帝山林區(qū)森林經(jīng)營(yíng)管理、健康檢測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)及生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)和植被的恢復(fù)、保護(hù)提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Five typical stand types in Guandi Mountain Forest District were studied. The composition, storage capacity and water holding capacity of litter in Guandi Mountain forest area were measured by means of stratified sampling and indoor weighing by setting standard plots in the field. The results showed that: (1) there was significant difference in litter accumulation between five typical stands, ranging from 31.07-69.95 t / hm ~ (2), in order of order: Pinus tabulaeformis, North China larch forest, birch forest, Liaodong oak forest, Picea lanceolata forest, (2) branches of undecomposed layer in the same stand or different stand, There were significant differences in the reserves of leaf, fruit and other litter. The reserves of litter semi-decomposed layer of five stands showed that the reserves of broad-leaved forest were larger than that of coniferous forest. (3) the maximum water holding capacity of litter in five forest types ranged from 59.47-149.18 t / hm ~ (2), in order of order: Pinus tabulaeformis white birch forest, North China larch forest, Liaodong oak forest, Picea lanceolata forest; The maximum water holding rate ranged from 166.62-320.28.The order was as follows: Pinus tabulaeformis forest in birch forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest in Pinus tabulaeformis forest and larch forest in Chinese fir forest; The change range of effective storage depth is 2.05-5.48mm, according to its size, the order is: Pinus tabulaeformis forest, North China larch forest, Liaodong oak forest, Picea lanceolata forest; (4) the total change trend of litter and water holding capacity and water holdup of five kinds of forest is increasing with time. The increment in lh is the largest and then decreases gradually until the saturation is zero. The logarithmic relationship between water holdup and soaking time was obtained by regression, and the water absorption rates of litter and components of 5 stands decreased with the time prolonging, and there was a logarithmic relationship between water holdup and soaking time. By regression, the relationship between water absorption rate and time was found to be a power function, (6) the water retention of different components had different effects on the water holding capacity of total litter, and the semi-decomposition layer had the greatest contribution to the water holding capacity of total litter. The contribution rate can reach about 50%, the largest contribution in the undecomposed layer is leaf litter, while the contribution of fruit is the least. These results can provide theoretical basis for forest management, health assessment, ecological environment construction, vegetation restoration and protection in Guandi Mountain Forest District in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S714

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