本文選題：耕地景觀 + 空間分布�。� 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：耕地是人類生產(chǎn)生活的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),其數(shù)量和結(jié)構(gòu)不僅關(guān)系著糧食安全和社會穩(wěn)定,而且更重要的是對生態(tài)環(huán)境安全和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡的影響。本文選取安澤縣王村河小流域?yàn)檠芯繀^(qū),在ArcGIS和Fragstats軟件的技術(shù)支持下,以王村河流域內(nèi)耕地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),借助景觀生態(tài)學(xué)指數(shù),對研究區(qū)耕地分布現(xiàn)狀及耕地景觀特征進(jìn)行了分析研究,并選取了地形、河流、人口因子,對其空間分布的影響因素進(jìn)行了探討。研究表明:(1)流域內(nèi)主要的耕地景觀類型為開荒地,其特征主要表現(xiàn)為小斑塊、多斑塊、高密度、斑塊邊界褶皺、形狀復(fù)雜,開荒地內(nèi)部組合復(fù)雜程度高,與其它類別的耕地鑲嵌度高,分離程度強(qiáng),破碎化程度高。承包地在空間分布上有較高的團(tuán)簇性,承包地斑塊的平均面積較大,空間連通度高,破碎度低。機(jī)動地和其他集體土地在流域內(nèi)分布數(shù)量少,斑塊形狀較為簡單,斑塊間間隔距離遠(yuǎn),景觀破碎度較大。(2)王村河流域內(nèi)耕地景觀在村域之間分布差異明顯。斑塊個數(shù)、斑塊面積及景觀百分比的值都隨著距城鎮(zhèn)距離的增加而減小。核桃莊村斑塊平均面積比較大,且斑塊與斑塊之間的團(tuán)聚程度高,耕地斑塊邊界的曲折程度低,形狀相對簡單規(guī)則,李莊村則與之相反。王村與溝口村平均斑塊面積差別不大,地塊間的鄰接度和嵌合度高。(3)王村河流域耕地景觀的分布與地形、河流及人口因子有密切關(guān)系。首先,從高程和坡度條件來說,承包地和機(jī)動地多分布在海拔804-960m的平坡、微坡和緩坡地區(qū),開荒地和其他集體土地在960-1052m的緩坡地區(qū)分布比較多,中坡、陡坡及1052m以上的地區(qū)耕地分布較少。從坡向上來說,王村河流域耕地主要分布在東南坡、東坡、南坡和東北坡,西坡和北坡分布較少。其次,就流域內(nèi)總耕地來看,距離河流較近的區(qū)域耕地斑塊分布相對密集,且多由較大斑塊組成,景觀破碎度低;就不同耕地類別來說,承包地、機(jī)動地及其他集體土地的斑塊面積隨河流距離的增加大體呈遞減趨勢,而開荒地則呈現(xiàn)先增后減的趨勢。最后,相關(guān)分析結(jié)果顯示,流域內(nèi)耕地的數(shù)量和面積分布與行政村的人口數(shù)量呈正相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land is the material basis of human production and life. Its quantity and structure not only relate to food security and social stability, but also more important to the influence of ecological environment security and ecosystem balance. In this paper, the small watershed of Wangcun River in Anze County is selected as the study area, with the support of ArcGIS and Fragstats software, based on the survey data of cultivated land in Wangcun River Basin, and with the help of landscape ecology index. The present situation of cultivated land distribution and the characteristics of cultivated land landscape in the study area were analyzed, and the factors affecting the spatial distribution of the cultivated land, including topography, river and population factors, were selected. The results are as follows: (1) the main cultivated land landscape types in the watershed are open wasteland, the characteristics of which are small patch, multiple patch, high density, patch boundary fold, complex shape, complex internal combination of open wasteland. Compared with other types of cultivated land, it has high degree of mosaic, strong separation and high degree of fragmentation. The space distribution of contracted land is relatively high, the average area of patch is larger, the spatial connectivity is high, and the degree of fragmentation is low. The distribution of mobile land and other collective land in the watershed is small, the patch shape is relatively simple, the patch spacing is long, and the landscape fragmentation degree is large. (2) the distribution of cultivated land landscape in the Wangcun River basin is obviously different among the villages. The number of patches, patch area and landscape percentage decreased with the increase of the distance from town to town. The average area of patch in walnut village is large, and the degree of agglomeration between patch and patch is high, the zigzag degree of cultivated land patch boundary is low, the shape is relatively simple and regular, and Li Zhuang village is opposite to it. The average patch area of Wangcun and Goukou is not different, and the degree of adjacent and chimerism between plots is high. (3) the distribution of cultivated land landscape in Wangcun River Basin is closely related to topography, river and population factors. First of all, in terms of elevation and slope conditions, the contract land and the motorized land are mostly distributed at 804-960m elevation on the flat slope, the micro-slope and the gentle slope area, and the open wasteland and other collective land are distributed more frequently in the gentle slope area of 960-1052m, the middle slope. The distribution of cultivated land on steep slope and above 1052 m is less. From the aspect of slope, the distribution of cultivated land in Wangcun River basin is mainly in the southeast slope, the east slope, the south slope and the northeast slope, the west slope and the north slope distribution is less. Secondly, as far as the total cultivated land in the basin is concerned, the cultivated land patches near the river are relatively dense, and most of them are composed of larger patches, and the landscape fragmentation is low. The patch area of motorized land and other collective land decreased with the increase of river distance, while the open wasteland showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Finally, the results of correlation analysis show that the amount and area distribution of cultivated land are positively correlated with the population of administrative village.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.211;P901

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 唐利;邵景安;郭躍;鄧華;薛沛沛;;社區(qū)水平森林景觀格局動態(tài)特征與驅(qū)動因素[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2017年06期

2 陽文銳;;北京城市景觀格局時空變化及驅(qū)動力[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2015年13期

3 杜清;徐海量;凌紅波;王希義;趙新風(fēng);張鵬;;開都孔雀河流域近20年土地利用/覆被變化及景觀破碎化研究[J];生態(tài)與農(nóng)村環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào);2014年06期

4 裴歡;魏勇;王曉妍;覃志豪;侯春良;;耕地景觀生態(tài)安全評價方法及其應(yīng)用[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào);2014年09期

5 王軍強(qiáng);郭青霞;趙富才;王建雷;楊豐;;岔口小流域土地利用景觀破碎化現(xiàn)狀分析[J];山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2014年02期

6 錢鳳魁;董婷婷;王秋兵;;低山丘陵區(qū)不同坡度級耕地景觀格局特征分析[J];沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年06期

7 許吉仁;董霽紅;;1987~2010年南四湖濕地景觀格局變化及其驅(qū)動力研究[J];濕地科學(xué);2013年04期

8 呂立剛;周生路;周兵兵;戴靚;昌亭;鮑桂葉;周華;李志;;區(qū)域發(fā)展過程中土地利用轉(zhuǎn)型及其生態(tài)環(huán)境響應(yīng)研究——以江蘇省為例[J];地理科學(xué);2013年12期

9 馬松增;史明昌;楊貴森;徐曉桃;殷建;;基于GIS的土地利用時空動態(tài)變化分析——以塔里木盆地農(nóng)墾區(qū)為例[J];水土保持研究;2013年01期

10 王永麗;于君寶;董洪芳;栗云召;周迪;付玉芹;韓廣軒;毛培利;;黃河三角洲濱海濕地的景觀格局空間演變分析[J];地理科學(xué);2012年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前9條

1 任柯蓁;新津縣土地利用/土地覆被動態(tài)變化研究[D];四川師范大學(xué);2015年

2 封嬌;基于CA-Markov模型的老河口市土地利用格局變化研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2014年

3 鄧琮;基于RS和GIS的渝西地區(qū)景觀格局分析[D];成都理工大學(xué);2011年

4 劉然;耕地動態(tài)變化及其驅(qū)動力研究[D];西北師范大學(xué);2010年

5 唐寬金;基于景觀生態(tài)學(xué)的土地利用時空格局變化研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2009年

6 劉淑蘋;周寧縣耕地景觀格局及其影響因素分析[D];福建師范大學(xué);2009年

7 李清;川東平行嶺谷區(qū)土地利用對景觀格局的影響[D];西南大學(xué);2006年

8 李吉英;基于GIS的土地利用變化及驅(qū)動力研究[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2006年

9 陳瑞琴;青島市土地利用/土地覆被變化及驅(qū)動力研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2004年

，

本文編號：2083046