本文選題：鱗翅目 + 螟蛾總科��； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：螟蛾總科是鱗翅目的第二大類群,其大多數(shù)種類都是農(nóng)林及倉儲(chǔ)害蟲,特別是鉆蛀類螟蛾。大面積的蟲害給農(nóng)林業(yè)造成嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,因此螟蛾類昆蟲的防治一直是相關(guān)研究的重點(diǎn)。隨著分子生物學(xué)研究技術(shù)的發(fā)展,線粒體基因組的研究在螟蛾總科中逐漸開展,但主要集中在單個(gè)的線粒體基因組的特點(diǎn)分析,很少有對(duì)螟蛾總科昆蟲的線粒體基因組特點(diǎn)及系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系進(jìn)行全面深入的分析。本研究通過LA-PCR技術(shù)結(jié)合引物步移法,對(duì)褐巢螟Hypsopygia regina、黃紋銀草螟Pseudargyria interruptella、雙斑薄翅螟Evergestis junctalis、橙黑紋野螟Tyspanodes striata和豆莢野螟Maruca vitrata的線粒體基因組序列進(jìn)行測(cè)定,并對(duì)上述5種新序列進(jìn)行注釋分析。聯(lián)合GenBank中已釋放的20種螟蛾總科昆蟲的線粒體基因組數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)螟蛾總科昆蟲線粒體基因組進(jìn)行比較分析,并以蛋白質(zhì)編碼基因(PCGs)為數(shù)據(jù)集,以雅庫巴果蠅Drosophila yakuba為外群,利用最大似然法和貝葉斯推理法對(duì)螟蛾總科的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系進(jìn)行重建并探討分析。所得主要結(jié)論為：1.褐巢螟、黃紋銀草螟、雙斑薄翅螟、橙黑紋野螟和豆莢野螟線粒體基因組全序列長(zhǎng)度分別為15212 bp、15231 bp、15438 bp、15255 bp和1 5200 bp,其中豆莢野螟為目前已測(cè)螟蛾總科昆蟲完全序列中最短的物種。線粒體基因組的組成和結(jié)構(gòu)與已報(bào)道的螟蛾總科昆蟲一致,為閉合環(huán)狀雙鏈DNA分子,包括13個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)編碼基因、22個(gè)tRNA基因、2個(gè)rRNA基因和一個(gè)A+T富集區(qū)。與鱗翅目蝙蝠蛾等原始類群昆蟲相比,tRNAMet基因的排列順序有差別,即由tRNAIle-tRNAGln-tRNAMet變?yōu)閠RNAMet-tRNAIle-tRNAGln。2.雙斑薄翅螟全線粒體基因組,除A+T富集區(qū)非編碼區(qū)外,在基因tRNAAla和tRNAArg、ND3和tRNAAla之間分別存在114 bp和62 bp的基因間隔,其均為插入的串聯(lián)重復(fù)序列；在tRNAPro和ND6之間存在長(zhǎng)達(dá)88 bp的基因重疊序列。3.5種螟蛾線粒體基因組的堿基組成均具有明顯的AT偏向性,其中褐巢螟的AT含量較低,為78.65%；橙黑紋野螟的AT含量最高,為81.38%；豆莢野螟、黃紋銀草螟和雙斑薄翅螟的AT含量分別為80.86%、79.40%和81.08%。4.蛋白質(zhì)編碼基因的起始密碼子的使用情況：5種螟蛾的COI基因均以CGA起始,其余基因則以ATN起始；終止密碼子的使用：5種螟蛾的COII基因都以單獨(dú)的T終止,黃紋銀草螟的ND5基因以不完全終止密碼子TA終止,其他的PCGs則以完全終止密碼子TAN終止。5.5種螟蛾的tRNA二級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),除基因tRNASer(AGN)的二級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)缺DHU臂外,其余21個(gè)tRNA均能形成典型的三葉草結(jié)構(gòu)。且tRNA二級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)存在一定數(shù)量的堿基錯(cuò)配,包括U-U和G-U兩種類型,主要為G-U錯(cuò)配。6.5種螟蛾的A+T富集區(qū)具有極高的AT含量,褐巢螟、黃紋銀草螟、雙斑薄翅螟、橙黑紋野螟和豆莢野螟分別為94.86%、90.99%、94.30%、94.51%和93.62%。并且5種昆蟲的A+T富集區(qū)中均存在相關(guān)的保守元件ATTTA、ATAG、poly-T及長(zhǎng)短不一的微衛(wèi)星結(jié)構(gòu)。7.已知25種螟蛾的PCGs的密碼子UUA(L)、AUU(L)、UUU(F)、AUA(M)的使用頻次較高,平均為465.4、415.5、344.5、256.5。PCGs的氨基酸使用情況與密碼子使用情況一致,使用量從高到低依次為亮氨酸、異亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸。8.ML法和BI法構(gòu)建的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)大體相同,與傳統(tǒng)分類一致,兩棵系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹都很好的支持了草螟科和螟蛾科的單系性,同時(shí)還有力地支持了建樹所包括的11個(gè)亞科(螟蛾科4亞科,草螟科7亞科)的單系性,在ML系統(tǒng)樹中,各個(gè)亞科的相對(duì)位置表現(xiàn)為：((((斑螟亞科+螟蛾亞科)+叢螟亞科)+蠟螟亞科)+((((草螟亞科+苔螟亞科)+禾螟亞科)+(水螟亞科+薄翅螟亞科))+(斑野螟亞科+野螟亞科)))。
[Abstract]:The family of Lepidoptera is the second largest group of Lepidoptera, most of which are agroforestry and storage pests, especially borer moth. The large area of insect pests cause serious economic loss to agroforestry. Therefore, the prevention and control of borer moth has been the focus of related research. With the development of molecular biology research, mitochondrial genome The study was carried out gradually in the family of borer mothmoidea, but mainly focused on the characteristics of single mitochondrial genome. Few of the mitochondrial genome characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of borer mothmoidea were thoroughly analyzed. The LA-PCR technique combined with primer stepping method to the Hypsopygia Regina of the brown nest borer and the P of the Yellow Rice stem borer. Seudargyria interruptella, the mitochondrial genome sequence of the Evergestis junctalis, the Tyspanodes striata of the orange moth borer and the Maruca vitrata of the pod borer, and the annotated analysis of the 5 new sequences. The mitochondrial genome data of the 20 species of borer, which have been released in GenBank, are used for the total of the moth moth. The mitochondrial genome of the family insect was compared and analyzed with the protein encoding gene (PCGs) as the data set and the Drosophila yakuba of the YAC Drosophila melanogaster as the outer group. The phylogenetic relationship of the family of borer moth was reconstructed by the maximum likelihood method and Bias reasoning method. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. Brown nest borer, yellow rice stem borer, double. The complete sequence length of the mitochondrial genome of the thin wing borer, the orange striped wild borer and the pod borer were 15212 BP, 15231 BP, 15438 BP, 15255 BP and 15200 BP, in which the pod borer was the shortest species in the complete sequence of the survey of the borer moth. The composition and structure of the mitochondrial genome were the same as that of the reported borer moth. The cyclic double chain DNA molecule, including 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and one A+T enrichment area, has the difference in the sequence of tRNAMet gene in the order of the tRNAMet gene, which is transformed from tRNAIle-tRNAGln-tRNAMet to the whole mitochondrial genome of the tRNAMet-tRNAIle-tRNAGln.2. bis thin wing borer, except for A. In the non coding region of the +T enriched region, there were 114 BP and 62 BP intervals between gene tRNAAla and tRNAArg, ND3 and tRNAAla respectively, and all of them were inserted tandem repeats. There was an overlap sequence of 88 BP between tRNAPro and ND6, and the base composition of the mitochondrial genome of the.3.5 species of borborx borborx had obvious AT bias. The AT content of the nesting borer was 78.65%, and the AT content of the orange moth borer was the highest, 81.38%. The AT content of the pod borer, the yellow rice stem borer and the pod borer was 80.86%, 79.40% and 81.08%.4., respectively: the COI gene of the 5 species began with CGA, and the other genes began with ATN. The use of terminating codons: the COII gene of the 5 kinds of borer is terminated by a separate T. The ND5 gene of the yellowworm moth is terminated by the incomplete terminating codon TA, and the other PCGs terminates the tRNA two structure of the.5.5 species by completely terminating the codon TAN. Except for the two stage structure of the gene tRNASer (AGN), the other 21 tRNA can form a code. There are a number of base mismatches in the tRNA two structure, including two types of base mismatch, including two types of G-U and G-U. The A+T enrichment area of the G-U mismatch.6.5 species has a high AT content, the brown nest borer, the yellow rice stem borer, the double spotted borer, the orange striped wild borer and the pod borer, respectively, 94.86%, 90.99%, 94.30%, 94.51% and 93.62%. and 5, respectively. There are related conserved elements ATTTA, ATAG, poly-T, and different microsatellite structures in the A+T enrichment areas of the species..7. is known as the PCGs codon UUA (L) of the 25 species of borer moth, AUU (L), UUU (F), and the average use of amino acids is in accordance with the use of codons. The topological structure of the phylogenetic tree constructed by leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, methionine.8.ML and BI was the same as that of the traditional taxonomy. The two phylogeny trees supported the monophyletic of the family albonididophysi and borer, and also supported the 11 subfamilies (4 subfamilies of the family borbididididididus). In the ML system tree, the relative position of each subfamily in the ML system tree is as follows: ((((((((((moth, moth, moth, moth) + subfamily with parafferia borer) + (((((((((of subfamily borer + moss Ming Yake) + grasses subfamily) + (subfamily of water borer + thin wing borer) + (subfamily borbel and wild borer subfamily)).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S433.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 ;Characterization of mitochondrial genome of Chinese wild mulberry silkworm, Bomyx mandarina(Lepidoptera:Bombycidae)[J];Science in China(Series C:Life Sciences);2008年08期

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本文編號(hào)：2074068