本文選題：蝗災(zāi) + 時空特征　； 參考：《古地理學(xué)報》2017年02期

【摘要】：明清時期(公元1368—1911年)是中國的小冰期,也被稱為方志時期,蝗災(zāi)等各種自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā)且記錄豐富。華北平原是中國歷史蝗災(zāi)暴發(fā)的主要源地,對其開展研究具有特殊的意義。基于明清時期的文獻(xiàn)資料,從災(zāi)害地理學(xué)的視角,借助數(shù)理統(tǒng)計與GIS空間分析方法,構(gòu)建京津冀地區(qū)蝗災(zāi)等級、頻數(shù)和縣次序列,揭示蝗災(zāi)的時空分布特征,并解析其成因。結(jié)果表明:(1)明清時期京津冀地區(qū)蝗災(zāi)平均1.8 a一遇,年均受災(zāi)3縣次;蝗災(zāi)主要發(fā)生在夏半年的三月至八月,其中六月和七月是蝗災(zāi)暴發(fā)的峰值月份,而冬半年的九月至次年二月較少;(2)蝗災(zāi)等級以Ⅱ級和Ⅲ級為主,平均等級為2.17;"十年蝗災(zāi)頻數(shù)"和"十年蝗災(zāi)縣次"整體上呈現(xiàn)波動上升趨勢;(3)蝗災(zāi)代際縣次變化,夏蝗縣次多于秋蝗縣次,且次年夏蝗的發(fā)生與上年暖冬并未良好對應(yīng);(4)小波分析指示蝗災(zāi)存在100 a和30 a的主周期和53 a、17 a和11a的次周期;(5)蝗災(zāi)空間分布具有一定的集中性,東南遠(yuǎn)多于西北,受地形起伏和水系格局的影響較大;(6)蝗災(zāi)的發(fā)生與溫度關(guān)系不明顯,但與旱澇關(guān)系密切,并與Nino3指數(shù)有良好的對應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Ming and Qing Dynasty (1368-1911 AD) is the small ice age in China, also known as the local chronicles, locusts and other natural disasters frequent and abundant records. North China Plain is the main source of locust outbreak in China. Based on the literature of the Ming and Qing dynasties, from the perspective of disaster geography, with the help of mathematical statistics and GIS spatial analysis method, this paper constructs the locust disaster grades, frequency and county sequence in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, reveals the space-time distribution characteristics of locust disaster, and analyzes the causes of locust disaster. The results are as follows: (1) during the Ming and Qing dynasties, the locust disaster occurred in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region once in 1.8 a year, and affected three counties per year, and the locust plague mainly occurred from March to August in summer and half a year, and June and July were the peak months of locust outbreak. From September to February of winter half a year, the number of locust infestations was less; (2) the gradation of locusts was mainly grade 鈪，

本文編號：2069850