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  本文選題：作物秸稈 + 腐解特征��； 參考：《甘肅農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：作物秸稈是一種重要的可再生有機資源,還田后對培肥地力、提高作物產量、保護生態(tài)環(huán)境等方面都具有重要作用,目前已成為最直接、有效的利用途徑。在甘肅省定西市安定區(qū)李家堡鎮(zhèn)麻子川村的甘肅農業(yè)大學旱農試驗站,以黃土高原旱作農業(yè)區(qū)典型的旱作農田秸稈(玉米、小麥秸稈)為研究對象,采用尼龍網袋埋土法,研究了不同還田模式下秸稈的具體腐解情況及其養(yǎng)分釋放規(guī)律,探討了不同秸稈種類、耕作措施、添加量、還田深度、腐解劑等因素對秸稈腐解的影響,為該區(qū)合理利用秸稈、科學管理農田養(yǎng)分提供理論依據,也為在該區(qū)推廣秸稈還田提供技術支撐。主要研究結果如下:1、在快速腐解期(100d)內,玉米秸稈比小麥秸稈腐解快,玉米秸稈中碳、氮、鉀的釋放也比小麥秸稈快,而兩種秸稈磷素的釋放率相差不大。2、地膜覆蓋有利于秸稈腐解,養(yǎng)分釋放率隨時間延長而增加,不同養(yǎng)分釋放率不一樣。3、秸稈添加量對質量減失率沒有顯著影響,而腐解速率均隨著秸稈添加量的增加而提高。秸稈養(yǎng)分釋放率隨時間延長而增加,但不同添加量下秸稈各養(yǎng)分釋放率均相差不大。4、玉米秸稈土埋處理比表面覆蓋腐解快,秸稈的養(yǎng)分釋放率也表現為土埋還田大于覆蓋還田。傳統耕作下(T)還田深度為10cm的處理腐解最快;傳統耕作結合地膜覆蓋(TP)下,前期秸稈質量減失率、養(yǎng)分釋放率均隨還田深度的增加而增加;至腐解后期還田深度10cm與20cm的差異不明顯,對秸稈腐解的影響不大。5、傳統耕作下(T),三種腐解劑均能促進前期秸稈的腐解;傳統耕作結合地膜覆蓋下(TP),添加腐解劑對秸稈腐解沒有明顯效果。
[Abstract]:Crop straw is an important renewable organic resource. It plays an important role in increasing soil fertility, increasing crop yield and protecting ecological environment after returning to the field. It has become the most direct and effective way to use it. In the dry agriculture experiment station of Gansu Agricultural University in Lijiazibao Town, Anding District, Gansu Province, the typical dry cropland straw (corn, wheat straw) in the dry farming area of the Loess Plateau was used as the research object, and the Nilong net bag was used to bury the soil. The effects of different kinds of straw, tillage measures, adding amount, returning depth and decomposing agent on the decomposition of straw were studied in this paper. Scientific management of farmland nutrients provides theoretical basis, but also provides technical support for the promotion of straw returning to the field in this area. The main results were as follows: during the rapid decomposition period (100 d), corn straw decomposed faster than wheat straw, and the release of carbon, nitrogen and potassium from corn straw was also faster than that from wheat straw. However, the difference of phosphorus release rate between the two kinds of straw was not significant. The mulching of mulch was beneficial to the decomposition of straw. The nutrient release rate increased with time, and the release rate of different nutrients was different. The amount of straw added had no significant effect on the mass loss reduction rate. However, the decomposition rate increased with the increase of straw content. The nutrient release rate of straw increased with time, but there was no significant difference in nutrient release rate of straw with different adding amount. The decomposition rate of corn straw soil was faster than that of surface mulching, and the nutrient release rate of straw was higher than that of mulching. Under traditional tillage (T), the decomposition rate of 10cm was the fastest, and under the condition of traditional tillage and plastic film mulching (TP), the loss rate of straw mass and nutrient release rate increased with the increase of returning depth. There was no significant difference between 10cm and 20cm in the depth of straw decomposing at the later stage of decomposing, and the effect on the decomposition of straw was not significant. 5. Under traditional tillage, the three kinds of decomposing agents could promote the decomposition of straw in the early stage. Traditional tillage combined with plastic film mulching (TP) had no obvious effect on straw decomposition by adding decomposing agent.
【學位授予單位】：甘肅農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S141.4

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本文編號：2067531