發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-24 05:58

  本文選題：茄子 + 香蕉　； 參考：《中國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年01期

【摘要】：連作現(xiàn)象在香蕉生產(chǎn)上非常普遍,而長期連作會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的連作障礙。本文針對(duì)香蕉連作障礙,選擇連作香蕉13年的地塊,采用常規(guī)方法結(jié)合變性梯度凝膠電泳(PCR-DGGE)技術(shù),在田間條件下研究了輪作茄子配施生物有機(jī)肥對(duì)高發(fā)枯萎病連作蕉園土壤可培養(yǎng)微生物數(shù)量、土壤化學(xué)性狀以及土壤細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。結(jié)果表明:與連作香蕉相比,輪作茄子處理可顯著降低可培養(yǎng)尖孢鐮刀菌數(shù)量,使其數(shù)量從種植初的10~4 cfu·g~(-1)(干土)下降到10~3 cfu·g~(-1)(干土),同時(shí)提高了土壤p H,增加了土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、速效鉀、堿解氮含量。無論是輪作還是連作種植模式,與配施普通有機(jī)肥相比,配施生物有機(jī)肥對(duì)可培養(yǎng)尖孢鐮刀菌、真菌和細(xì)菌數(shù)量影響均不顯著;但在輪作模式下,施用生物有機(jī)肥處理的細(xì)菌數(shù)量與真菌數(shù)量比值(B/F,381.2)顯著高于配施普通有機(jī)肥處理(270.3)。PCR-DGGE分析結(jié)果表明,輪作茄子配施生物有機(jī)肥顯著改變了土壤細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu),增加了細(xì)菌豐度、穩(wěn)定性和多樣性,其中多樣性指數(shù)(Shannon-Wiener指數(shù),3.22)較連作香蕉配施普通有機(jī)肥處理(2.89)顯著增加。以上結(jié)果表明,茄子與香蕉輪作有利于連作蕉園土壤的微生態(tài)環(huán)境,同時(shí)輪作配施生物有機(jī)肥效果更優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:Continuous cropping is very common in banana production, and long-term continuous cropping can lead to serious continuous cropping obstacles. In this paper, in view of banana continuous cropping obstacle, the field of banana continuous cropping for 13 years was selected, and the conventional method combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technique was used. The effects of rotation eggplant and bio-organic fertilizer on the quantity of culturable microorganisms, soil chemical properties and the structure of soil bacterial community in Canna wilt orchard with high incidence of Fusarium wilt were studied in this paper. The results showed that compared with continuous cropping banana, rotation treatment of eggplant could significantly reduce the number of cultivated Fusarium oxysporum from 104 cfu g ~ (-1) (dry soil) at the beginning of planting to 10 ~ 3 cfu g ~ (-1) (dry soil), increase soil pH and increase soil organic matter. Available potassium, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content. The effects of biological organic fertilizer on the number of culturable Fusarium oxysporum, fungi and bacteria were not significant in the rotation or continuous cropping pattern, but in the rotation mode, there was no significant effect on the number of culturable Fusarium oxysporum, fungi and bacteria. The ratio of bacterial number to fungal number in organic fertilizer treatment (B / F ~ (381.2) was significantly higher than that in conventional organic fertilizer treatment (270.3). PCR-DGGE analysis showed that rotation of eggplant with biological organic fertilizer significantly changed the soil bacterial community structure and increased bacterial abundance. The stability and diversity, of which Shannon-Wiener index (Shannon-Wiener index) was 3.22, was significantly higher than that of continuous cropping banana treated with common organic fertilizer (2.89). The results showed that the rotation of eggplant and banana was beneficial to the microecological environment of soil in continuous cropping plantain orchard, and the effect of rotation with bio-organic fertilizer was better.
【作者單位】： 海南大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(973計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2015CB1505030) 國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31372142) 海南耕地改良關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與示范專項(xiàng)(HNGDg1201502) 江蘇省固體有機(jī)廢棄物資源化高技術(shù)研究重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室項(xiàng)目(BM201101302)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：S154.3

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